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Pauliesonne
18th January 2006, 11:54 AM
Not that I don't, but I've heard people say it.

Cleon
18th January 2006, 12:01 PM
Why not? Most people do. Seems to work ok for the Catholics, Presbyterians, and most (non-Hasidic) Jews.

Pauliesonne
18th January 2006, 12:03 PM
Do you think they're being selective?

HarryKeogh
18th January 2006, 12:04 PM
Here's the Catholic position:

Concerning biological evolution, the Church does not have an official position on whether various life forms developed over the course of time. However, it says that, if they did develop, then they did so under the impetus and guidance of God, and their ultimate creation must be ascribed to him.

Concerning human evolution, the Church has a more definite teaching. It allows for the possibility that man’s body developed from previous biological forms, under God’s guidance, but it insists on the special creation of his soul. Pope Pius XII declared that "the teaching authority of the Church does not forbid that, in conformity with the present state of human sciences and sacred theology, research and discussions . . . take place with regard to the doctrine of evolution, in as far as it inquires into the origin of the human body as coming from pre-existent and living matter—[but] the Catholic faith obliges us to hold that souls are immediately created by God" (Pius XII, Humani Generis 36). So whether the human body was specially created or developed, we are required to hold as a matter of Catholic faith that the human soul is specially created; it did not evolve, and it is not inherited from our parents, as our bodies are.

from http://www.catholic.com/library/Adam_Eve_and_Evolution.asp

Jas
18th January 2006, 12:08 PM
So whether the human body was specially created or developed, we are required to hold as a matter of Catholic faith that the human soul is specially created; it did not evolve, and it is not inherited from our parents, as our bodies are.

I personally have no problem with that position at all. The soul itself is an item of faith, so that would make sense.

Melendwyr
18th January 2006, 12:08 PM
Sure.

Can you believe in the methods of thinking that produced evolution, and God?

No.

Dogdoctor
18th January 2006, 12:11 PM
Many Christians beleive in evolution. Here are some sites
http://www.asa3.org/ASA/resources/Wiens.html
http://www.bringyou.to/apologetics/p14.htm
http://community.berea.edu/scienceandfaith/essay05.asp
These are from the skeptiwiki
http://www.skepticwiki.org/wiki/index.php/Evolution_is_an_atheist_theory

Pauliesonne
18th January 2006, 12:12 PM
It seems to me they just choose to interpet part of the bible when science kicks their ass.

Ed
18th January 2006, 12:15 PM
If you believe in a creative and subtle God, why not.

If you believe in a God who is no more imaginative than, say, Behe, then no.

Cleon
18th January 2006, 12:16 PM
Do you think they're being selective?

Of course. But so what?

rharbers
18th January 2006, 12:18 PM
Not that I don't, but I've heard people say it.

I know some christians who believe this. But remember, they still consider our time to be the 6th day, and it's been going on for millions of years.

Pauliesonne
18th January 2006, 12:19 PM
Just wanted to hear someone else say that.

David Swidler
18th January 2006, 12:29 PM
Why not? Most people do. Seems to work ok for the Catholics, Presbyterians, and most (non-Hasidic) Jews.

Whence the distinction between Hasidic and non-Hasidic? Hasidism has little bearing on creationist belief; it's an approach to serving God through joy (in a nutshell; tomes have been written on the subject).

It seems to me they just choose to interpet part of the bible when science kicks their ass.
Time to reassess. The understanding of the creation narrative in Genesis as symbolic rather than historical is already referred to in the Talmud, and explicit in major medieval Jewish commentaries. I don't see why the Christian understanding necessarily needs to differ, either.

Cleon
18th January 2006, 12:49 PM
Whence the distinction between Hasidic and non-Hasidic? Hasidism has little bearing on creationist belief; it's an approach to serving God through joy (in a nutshell; tomes have been written on the subject).

Sorry, but what? Hasidism is a very distinct religious and cultural trend within Judaism that is based on Bibilical and Talmudic literalism. This includes creationism. Non-Hasidic Jews, even Orthodox, don't hold to that literalism, and creationist thought is fairly rare outside of Hasidim.

bjb
18th January 2006, 01:13 PM
No and no.

Evolution is short for 'evolution by natural selection', which is another way of saying 'survival of the fittest'. The guiding force behind evolution is natural selection, not supernatural guidance. Christians and others who do not see a conflict between evolution and their faith do not understand this aspect of evolution, or they are choosing to ignore it.

Evolution does not address the origin of life itself, but there are other scientific theories as to how life began on Earth. But accepting a scientific explanation for the origin and evolution of life displaces God as creator. It is not possible to accept a scientific view for the creation of life and still believe in a god who is the creator of all things.

ImaginalDisc
18th January 2006, 01:21 PM
No and no.

Evolution is short for 'evolution by natural selection', which is another way of saying 'survival of the fittest'. The guiding force behind evolution is natural selection, not supernatural guidance. Christians and others who do not see a conflict between evolution and their faith do not understand this aspect of evolution, or they are choosing to ignore it.

Evolution does not address the origin of life itself, but there are other scientific theories as to how life began on Earth. But accepting a scientific explanation for the origin and evolution of life displaces God as creator. It is not possible to accept a scientific view for the creation of life and still believe in a god who is the creator of all things.



"Survival of the fittest" is a tuatology. Fitness is defined by survival to reproduction.



The rest of your post suggests that people aren't very imaginative. It's possible that there's an omnipotent god who created a universe in which natural selection exists, and more complex forms of life arise, without any overt determinism. It would look exactly like this one.

rharbers
18th January 2006, 01:21 PM
It is not possible to accept a scientific view for the creation of life and still believe in a god who is the creator of all things.

But some people do. One man told me that "God created everything, and that scientific evolutionary theory is the study of how He did it."

Jas
18th January 2006, 01:23 PM
No and no.

Evolution is short for 'evolution by natural selection', which is another way of saying 'survival of the fittest'. The guiding force behind evolution is natural selection, not supernatural guidance. Christians and others who do not see a conflict between evolution and their faith do not understand this aspect of evolution, or they are choosing to ignore it.

Are you familiar with what Deists believe?

Loon
18th January 2006, 01:24 PM
I say you can. It may require cherrypicking, but so what.

Depsite the ID people and the YEC folk, Western religions don't have their creation myths at the core of the religion, only at the beginning of the narrative. Xianity is not about god creating the world in 6 days, it's about Jesus being a personal savior and the way to salvation from sin.

LordoftheLeftHand
18th January 2006, 01:44 PM
It could always be claimed that since god is omnipotent that he created life in such a special way that he knew it would evolve (by the natural laws that he created) into what we see today. You could also claim the same thing about the big bang. That god started the universe in such a special way that he knew it would give the current result.

While I don't believe this, these kinds of arguments don't bother me that much.

LLH

ReFLeX
18th January 2006, 02:19 PM
"Survival of the fittest" is a tuatology. Fitness is defined by survival to reproduction.



http://www.talkorigins.org/indexcc/CA/CA500.html

ETA: Anyway, my answer is that the word "believe" means that you necessarily can choose both. Anyone can believe whatever the shell they want. Have you ever heard of doublethink?

ImaginalDisc
18th January 2006, 05:57 PM
http://www.talkorigins.org/indexcc/CA/CA500.html


Yes, dariwn never used that phrase, and yes, how it is commonly used is porbably in line with Darwin's thinking, but modern Evolutionary biologists have a very specific definition of fitness which makes that scentence a tautology.

[/derail]

Meadmaker
18th January 2006, 06:29 PM
I can't resist being bad here.

Most Christians believe in evolution. That includes Michael Behe.

ETA: In the recent court ruling in the Dover case, it was said that there is nothing incompatible between religion and evolution. I think the judge was correct.

Tricky
18th January 2006, 06:38 PM
Are you familiar with what Deists believe?
The Deist I know best, who is actually a good friend here on these boards, believes that it is impossible to tell a universe without god from a universe with god, but likes the thought of there being a root cause, one that does not interfere with nature in any way. He thinks evolution is a near certainty and that creationism is bunk. When I ask why he believes in a god for which there can, by his own admission, never be any evidence, he says, "Because I prefer to." I respect him about as much as anyone I know.

Jas
18th January 2006, 10:34 PM
The Deist I know best, who is actually a good friend here on these boards, believes that it is impossible to tell a universe without god from a universe with god, but likes the thought of there being a root cause, one that does not interfere with nature in any way. He thinks evolution is a near certainty and that creationism is bunk. When I ask why he believes in a god for which there can, by his own admission, never be any evidence, he says, "Because I prefer to." I respect him about as much as anyone I know.

I was referring to bjb, because he said that it was not possible to have a scientific view of life while believing in a creator, and was pointing out that deists are can be scientific and believe in a creator being. I should have made myself clear, I apologize.

Meadmaker
19th January 2006, 04:42 AM
I was thinking about this a bit more. It comes down to semantics.

If by "evolution" you mean the theory that life arose by organization of molecules into organic compounds, and then simple cells, and those cells led to more complex life forms including us, then almost all Christians believe that. It is not incompatible with Christianity or other religions. In fact, it isn't incompatible even with Intelligent Design. Michael Behe believes that.

If you believe in the above, and you believe that natural selection and the laws of nature are adequate to drive the process, most Christians believe that, although that belief isn't compatible with ID. Most Christians believe in theistic evolution, which says that natural forces are adequate to explain life as we know it, but God was still in there making sure it went the way he wanted it to go.

And if you believe in the above but further believe that there is never circumstance that nature is affected by anything except natural law, you can be a Deist.

There are a few people who insist that evolution is incompatible even with that, that it isn't "evolution" unless you insist that there is no purpose of any sort, whether at creation or after. That isn't compatible with belief in God.

Tricky
19th January 2006, 04:46 AM
I was referring to bjb, because he said that it was not possible to have a scientific view of life while believing in a creator, and was pointing out that deists are can be scientific and believe in a creator being. I should have made myself clear, I apologize.
No, you were clear. I was supporting what you said. Sorry, I should have made myself more clear.

ReFLeX
19th January 2006, 06:11 AM
Yes, dariwn never used that phrase, and yes, how it is commonly used is porbably in line with Darwin's thinking, but modern Evolutionary biologists have a very specific definition of fitness which makes that scentence a tautology.

[/derail]
Did you even read the three different responses to the claim? They're not that long. Show me where biologists have a very specific definition of fitness. And it can't be tautologous if it is not trivially true.

farmermike
19th January 2006, 06:20 AM
If by "evolution" you mean the theory that life arose by organization of molecules into organic compounds, and then simple cells, and those cells led to more complex life forms including us, then almost all Christians believe that. It is not incompatible with Christianity or other religions.
Abiogenesis.I don't know of many xians who would endorse that statement.It's the basis of the old "how can something come from nothing"arguement.starting at present and using the fossil record along with DNA study ,evolution is fact.But having monkeys and apes for close cousins and everything else as distant cousins doesen't sit well with most of the xians I know.It clashes with being made in the image of god and turns upside down the interpretation of purpose.

ImaginalDisc
19th January 2006, 06:56 AM
Did you even read the three different responses to the claim? They're not that long. Show me where biologists have a very specific definition of fitness. And it can't be tautologous if it is not trivially true.

Fitness [absolute fitness]
Absolute fitness is the potential for individuals of a given genotype to survive and reproduce in the face of natural selection.
Measure of potential natural selection:
The effect of natural selection is usually considered algebraically in terms of effects on fitness.
If a given genotype has a tendency to increase in number given a certain degree of natural selection, they have an absolute fitness in excess of 1; if a genotype tends to decrease in number then they have an absolute fitness of less than 1.
Prediction of next generation contribution:
Multiplication of absolute genotype prevalence by absolute fitness, per generation, gives a predicted new absolute prevalence.
Thus, if there are five individuals displaying an absolute fitness of 1.4, then after one generation we would predict that here would be 7 such individuals.
Average fitness
The mean absolute fitness value exhibited by all the members of a population.
A not growing, not shrinking population has an average fitness of 1.0.
Relative fitness
The potential for individuals of a given genotype to survive and reproduce in the face of natural selection, as compared to the average fitness exhibited by the population in which this individual is a member.
In a population which is neither increasing nor decreasing overall in number, a genotype with a relative fitness of less than one would (on average) be decreasing in frequency while a genotype with a relative fitness of greater than one would, on average, be increasing in frequency.

http://www.mansfield.ohio-state.edu/~sabedon/biol1505.htm#fitness

We can't measure abolsute fitness, the definition of fitness used in the phrase "survival of the fittest", because we cannot predict the future. Instead, we measure relative fitness, which is determined by measuring survival to reporduction. Thus, it's a tuatology.

ReFLeX
19th January 2006, 07:02 AM
I'm not sure it's that simple, but I see the contention.

NeilC
19th January 2006, 07:28 AM
All the christians I ever met believe in evolution. I don't think they are being selective as such but they don't take the bible literally. The believe in god, they mostly believe jesus was the son of god but they know that stories and how people communicate with them changes over time.

There are quite a lot of scientists who do decent science who believe in god and evolution. It is also the default position of most UK schools - evolution in biology but prayers in assembly.

Pauliesonne
19th January 2006, 07:39 AM
All the christians I ever met believe in evolution. I don't think they are being selective as such but they don't take the bible literally. The believe in god, they mostly believe jesus was the son of god but they know that stories and how people communicate with them changes over time.

There are quite a lot of scientists who do decent science who believe in god and evolution. It is also the default position of most UK schools - evolution in biology but prayers in assembly.

Even though I don't personally have a problem with people believing in it, I just think it's an inconsistent way of basically..living.

Loon
19th January 2006, 07:44 AM
re: the fitness tautology

First, fitness refers not to an organism but to the effect of a given allele on that organism. This is one reason it's not a tautology

Fitness is actually broken down into several types of fitness. There are, among other viability (surviving to maturity), mate attraction (ability to get mates), and reproductive fitness (ability to create viable offspring), though I may have those last two terms fudged a bit.

brodski
19th January 2006, 07:45 AM
There are quite a lot of scientists who do decent science who believe in god and evolution. It is also the default position of most UK schools - evolution in biology but prayers in assembly.
Not the "default" position of English state schools, but the legaly mandated postion of almost all English state schools. The exceptions tend to be those few that teach 6 day young earth creationism instead of real biology.
(education is a devolved responsibility, Im not sure how the other nations in the UK deal with this issue)

ImaginalDisc
19th January 2006, 08:23 AM
re: the fitness tautology

First, fitness refers not to an organism but to the effect of a given allele on that organism. This is one reason it's not a tautology

Fitness is actually broken down into several types of fitness. There are, among other viability (surviving to maturity), mate attraction (ability to get mates), and reproductive fitness (ability to create viable offspring), though I may have those last two terms fudged a bit.

Organisms can be described, numerically, in terms of fitness too. There's many different types of fitness, so at best "survival of the fittest" is pretty vauge, since it doesn't specific what sort of ftiness you're talking about.

We've really dreailed here. My evolutionary biology prof was extremely firm on his view that it's a ridiculous phrase, but my genetics professor saw nothing wrong with it.

Edit to add: The evolutionary bio prof meant "fitness" much more braodly than the genetics prof/ though.

Meadmaker
19th January 2006, 09:18 AM
Abiogenesis.I don't know of many xians who would endorse that statement.It's the basis of the old "how can something come from nothing"arguement.starting at present and using the fossil record along with DNA study ,evolution is fact.But having monkeys and apes for close cousins and everything else as distant cousins doesen't sit well with most of the xians I know.It clashes with being made in the image of god and turns upside down the interpretation of purpose.

We know different Christians then. Most of the ones I know don't seem to mind. Back when I was a Christian it was just fine with me. And I've never met a Jew who cared, although I'm assured they are out there.

farmermike
19th January 2006, 09:24 AM
All the christians I ever met believe in evolution. I don't think they are being selective as such but they don't take the bible literally. The believe in god, they mostly believe jesus was the son of god but they know that stories and how people communicate with them changes over time.


they sound like xians who maybe don't take their faith too seriously or have maybe never been called on their particular point of view.I'll admit that many will enter a church sunday morning and believe things that they would not believe during the rest of the week.Buying in to the social aspect of church(tradition,family,community)sometimes means buying in to god even if he's kind of abstract.

farmermike
19th January 2006, 09:37 AM
We know different Christians then. Most of the ones I know don't seem to mind. Back when I was a Christian it was just fine with me. And I've never met a Jew who cared, although I'm assured they are out there.
I guess I have the good fortune of not having to look too hard to find nonsense.

Beth
19th January 2006, 11:12 AM
Even though I don't personally have a problem with people believing in it, I just think it's an inconsistent way of basically..living.

A great many people feel as you do. I think that is the core of the controvery about the teaching of evolution. For most, it isn't a problem, they can reconcile the two and believe in both. But for some faiths, it is absolutely incompatible. It's one of the reasons that many Christian parents object so much to teaching their young children about evolution. As a direct result of learning about evolution, their children may grow up to reject their parent's faith.

Pauliesonne
19th January 2006, 11:16 AM
[QUOTE=Beth;1391350]A great many people feel as you do. QUOTE]

You have NO idead how comforting it was to hear somebody else say that.

Thanks.

Garrette
19th January 2006, 11:22 AM
I just proofread my 14 year old son's biology paper yesterday. It was well-written and expressed belief in God (I'm atheist; he's not) and trust in evolution.

I had to make a few minor corrections, one is the "Survival of the Fittest" thing which I had to convince him via internet research that Darwin didn't say and that it doesn't accurately describe evolution. The other was a correction of the teacher, really, who had phrased one of her questions like this (but not exactly, memory is faulty): "Why do you believe in evolution?"

I reminded him that belief had nothing to do with it, which he actually knew but needed help expressing.

Pauliesonne
19th January 2006, 01:38 PM
The Bible was not intended to teach matters of science and history. Therefore, those areas should not be held to standards of literal accuracy.

Jas
19th January 2006, 03:54 PM
I thought that was the intention of the Bible.

Wasn't the OT primarily to instruct the Hebrews in the history of their people? From what I recall of arky, it was originally transcribed in Babylon, because they thought they would lose their oral tradition.

And as for science, isn't a creator a way of explaining the natural world when you don't know anything about it?

Roboramma
19th January 2006, 09:10 PM
I don't think its anymore difficult to believe in God and evolution than to believe in God and gravity, or newton's laws of motion, or thermodynamics.

The theory of evolution says "when you have self-replicating entities, this is what happens" and gives a naturalistic explanation of processes that come from that. It also says, we observe life on the planet earth, now and in the past, and from that pattern of that life infer that those same processes brought it about.
It makes no mention of god.

The theory of gravity, combined with the laws of motion say, "when you have matter, it will exert a force upon on other matter that is proportional to it's mass and inversly proportional to the distance between them. This force causes acceleration of both masses proportional to the strength of the gravitational force, and inversly proportional to their masses." Something like that. It can be used to see where they will end up after some time has passed, and has been used to predict the orbits of various objects in our solar system (including some sent by us to other planets).
It also allows us to look at what the solar system is like now, and rewind, helping us to understand it's past. It says "the solar system is now the way it is because of these forces acting in this way over billions of years."
Again, no mention of god.

To say that you can't believe in both God and evolution is like saying you can't beleive in gravity (and I guess astronomy) and evolution.

But the fact that God isn't mentioned, doesn't mean it's impossible to believe that he could have been involved. Just as the fact that other forces aren't mentioned doesn't mean they couldn't be involved (some force we don't know about? - either in evolutionary biology or astronomy). Then again, until there is reason to believe (evidence), I withhold that beleif.

I'm an atheist, but science doesn't make god impossible. It just doesn't require a god.

Pauliesonne
19th January 2006, 09:29 PM
The week " THE ROOT OF ALL EVIL? " started Richard Dawkins did an interview with Radio Times ( a well respected television listings magazine ) and here are a couple of the questions in the interview;

You imply that people who believe are deluded. Is that a good way to win them around?

A good intellectual case can be made that the existence of a supernatural being is improbable. And anyone intelligent enough to understand that can be persuaded faith is without foundation. Most atheists, in the fight to keep creationisim out of schools, decide it's best to say that believing in God and evolution isn't incompatible. But I'm a boatrocker - I make the case that it's difficult to believe in God if you understand evolution.

.................................................. .................................................. ...

In The Story of God, Robert Winston claimed many scientists are spiritual. Do you agree?

A lot of physicists, in particular, have a deep sense of mystery because they confront the elementary principles of the universe. Biologists like me see the extreme complexity of nature. One feels a great humility, knowing there is a lot we don't, and might never, understand. Religion is pathetic compared to the level of sophistication that physics and biology deal with.

kurious_kathy
19th January 2006, 11:01 PM
The Bible was not intended to teach matters of science and history. Therefore, those areas should not be held to standards of literal accuracy.
This is an obvious contradiction if you ask me. Scripture says clearly God made man in his image. This tells me absolutely no way is Darwins theory valid. Who do you want to believe God or Darwin? You can't believe both. Have you loked at this website yet. These guys have lots of articles and research info available from other scientists that are helpful.... http://www.answersingenesis.org/creation/v22/i1/creation.asp

brodski
19th January 2006, 11:11 PM
This is an obvious contradiction if you ask me. Scripture says clearly God made man in his image. This tells me absolutely no way is Darwins theory valid. Who do you want to believe God or Darwin? You can't believe both. Have you loked at this website yet. These guys have lots of articles and research info available from other scientists that are helpful.... http://www.answersingenesis.org/creation/v22/i1/creation.asp

Kathy, posting teh AIG site is abbout as robust an argument as me posting the skeptics annotated bible. Both sites will support the believs we each allready hold, but are so full of basic factual errors and missrepresentations of the other sides position that it does nothing to advance the argument.

Oh and yes, many peopel on here have read AIG extensvily, if only for a good laugh.

drkitten
20th January 2006, 06:11 AM
This is an obvious contradiction if you ask me. Scripture says clearly God made man in his image.

Scripture also says clearly that the value of pi is 3, and that the Earth is flat, and that mustard seeds are the smallest of all seeds.

Which gets back to the original point. "The Bible was not intended to teach matters of science and history. Therefore, those areas should not be held to standards of literal accuracy."

It's not an obvious "contradiction" -- there's nothing contradictory about the above paragraphs. It's simply an observation with which you disagree..... but there's not a single rational, evidence-based argument you can make against it.

Which is why any serious professional theologians accepts that much of the Bible is, in fact, allegorical and parable. In fact, Scripture also says clearly that much of Scripture is a parable and should not be held to the standards of literal accuracy. So by taking Scripture as literally accurate, you yourself are contradicting Scripture.

Now there's a contradiction for you if you want it.

brodski
20th January 2006, 06:30 AM
In fact, Scripture also says clearly that much of Scripture is a parable and should not be held to the standards of literal accuracy. .
I don't doubt what you say, but I would be intereted in verse supporting this.Thanks

Darat
20th January 2006, 06:42 AM
I don't doubt what you say, but I would be intereted in verse supporting this.Thanks

Some of the passages are quoted on this page: http://www.unification.net/ws/theme113.htm (I've not gone back and checked that they are quoting the bible correctly - but they look kosher.;) )

Beth
20th January 2006, 06:53 AM
This is an obvious contradiction if you ask me. Scripture says clearly God made man in his image. This tells me absolutely no way is Darwins theory valid. Who do you want to believe God or Darwin? You can't believe both. Have you loked at this website yet. These guys have lots of articles and research info available from other scientists that are helpful.... http://www.answersingenesis.org/creation/v22/i1/creation.asp

It all depends on how you interpret the phrase. If you take 'his image' to mean in a physical sense, then you are correct. However, many people do not believe that God has a physical body and that the phrase 'his image' refers not to the physical, but the spiritual. If you interpret the scripture in that way, then Adam's soul was made in the image of God, not his physical body. With this interpretation, there is no inherent contradiction.

Tricky
20th January 2006, 06:54 AM
Some of the passages are quoted on this page: http://www.unification.net/ws/theme113.htm (I've not gone back and checked that they are quoting the bible correctly - but they look kosher.;) )
One example taken from that page (emphasis mine)

1 Corinthians 2:12-16 (King James Version)

12 Now we have received, not the spirit of the world, but the spirit which is of God; that we might know the things that are freely given to us of God.
13 Which things also we speak, not in the words which man's wisdom teacheth, but which the Holy Ghost teacheth; comparing spiritual things with spiritual.
14 But the natural man receiveth not the things of the Spirit of God: for they are foolishness unto him: neither can he know them, because they are spiritually discerned.
15 But he that is spiritual judgeth all things, yet he himself is judged of no man. 16 For who hath known the mind of the Lord, that he may instruct him? but we have the mind of Christ.

That says very clearly to me that it is spiritual interpretation that is important, not the exact meaning of the words.

hammegk
20th January 2006, 07:20 AM
QUOTE=Beth: "A great many people feel as you do."

You have NO idea how comforting it was to hear somebody else say that.

Thanks.
Conforting unless you consider that the bulk of those people don't understand their default philosophy, and despite the fact they are abundant posters in places like JREF, they are a quite tiny minority. ;)

rharbers
20th January 2006, 08:49 AM
This is an obvious contradiction if you ask me. Scripture says clearly God made man in his image. This tells me absolutely no way is Darwins theory valid. Who do you want to believe God or Darwin? You can't believe both. Have you loked at this website yet. These guys have lots of articles and research info available from other scientists that are helpful.... http://www.answersingenesis.org/creation/v22/i1/creation.asp

But exactly how did God do it. That's the whole point! There had to some process or processes, even if he spoke it into being. Science is the attempt to discover that process. Unlike closed minded humans, Darwin never claimed to be perfectly right. He only postulated a theory; that is ever changing and rewarding. It's sort of like he lit a candle and threw away the lampshade, or like light appearing in darkness and the darkness can't comprehend the light. We've come a long way since Mediaeval christians controlled education. Thank God.

CplFerro
20th January 2006, 08:55 AM
http://evolutionoftruth.com/images/evolution.gif

Moochie
20th January 2006, 09:05 AM
This is an obvious contradiction if you ask me. Scripture says clearly God made man in his image. This tells me absolutely no way is Darwins theory valid. Who do you want to believe God or Darwin? You can't believe both. Have you loked at this website yet. These guys have lots of articles and research info available from other scientists that are helpful.... http://www.answersingenesis.org/creation/v22/i1/creation.asp


Kathy, you are taking literally something that was never, and never will be, lliteral.

I venture the opinion that the deeper you follow this literalist path, the more stupid you will become.

Take several steps back, and spend a few years at a university, or some other, hopefully nonaligned, center of learning. While there, study science, comparative religion, and psychology, among other things, like making the perfect chili dog.

While you are doing this, avoid so-called religious folk like the plague, especially so-called religious scholars and pastors, priests, and similar.

Come back to us when you have matured.

M.

Meadmaker
20th January 2006, 09:08 AM
Who do you want to believe God or Darwin? You can't believe both.

So, what's up with all those people who say they do?

c4ts
20th January 2006, 09:10 AM
Can you make a bowl of instant noodles or operate heavy machinery and still believe in God?

Freethinker
20th January 2006, 11:02 AM
Who do you want to believe God or Darwin?

Darwin. I can prove he existed, and all of the evidence available supports his theory.

Pauliesonne
20th January 2006, 10:33 PM
evolution contradicts the bible.....
if you take the bible literally....
right?

ImaginalDisc
20th January 2006, 11:25 PM
Arithmatic countradicts the bible. Botany contradicts the bible. History contradicts the bible. Geology conradicts the bible. Evolution isn't alone here.

Loon
21st January 2006, 09:23 AM
evolution contradicts the bible.....
if you take the bible literally....
right?

Biblical literalism isn't necessary to believe in god.

cyborg
21st January 2006, 09:36 AM
Very little fact at all is required. Just the ability to not be bothered by contradictory information.

AmateurScientist
21st January 2006, 12:38 PM
Very little fact at all is required. Just the ability to not be bothered by contradictory information.

I agree. In fact, my lack of that ability is how I came to reject God as a child. I lay awake at night on so many occasions that I couldn't count contemplating so many apparent contradictions in the Bible itself and what I was taught about it, that I could never reconcile any of them.

The most troubling to me were the tremendous discrepencies between the God described in the Old Testament -- a needy, insecure, jealous, angry, vengeful, spiteful, and petty God -- and the God of the New Testament -- a warm, loving, forgiving, confident, and tolerant God. If God were perfect, as Christianity teaches, then how could He possibly change His "personality" so drastically over time. What happened to Him between the 1000 years or so between the writings of the books of the OT and the NT to cause him to do that? How could a perfect God who created Man then punish him merely for being himself? How could an omnicient God punish Man when He already knew Man was going to sin at the time He created Man? How twisted and mean is that? God was therefore despicable and something of which I wanted no part.

Besides that, I never saw any effect my infrequent prayers had on anything.

I refused to go to church after age 10, and it took an awful lot of persuading to convince my parents to let me stay away.

Instead of wasting my time on the Bible, I used that time to read our many volumes of encyclopedia.

AS

Tez
21st January 2006, 01:07 PM
So, what's up with all those people who say they do?

http://www.learningandteaching.info/learning/dissonance.htm


Cognitive dissonance was first investigated by Leon Festinger and associates, arising out of a participant observation study of a cult which believed that the earth was going to be destroyed by a flood, and what happened to its members — particularly the really committed ones who had given up their homes and jobs to work for the cult — when the flood did not happen. While fringe members were more inclined to recognise that they had made fools of themselves and to "put it down to experience", committed members were more likely to re-interpret the evidence to show that they were right all along (the earth was not destroyed because of the faithfulness of the cult members).

Loon
21st January 2006, 01:24 PM
It's not just cognitive dissonance.

Not everyone who believes in god is a biblical literalist. Not even everyone who beleives in the Xian or Jewish or Muslim concept of god is a bilbical literalist.

There are plenty of concepts of god that don't require creation. The issue comes up because people who had been using biblical literalism for other things (or had just sorta grown up with it) suddenly find it being demolished by solid science. This makes them uncomfortabe, despite the fact that the creation myth has little impact on the key points of the religion (sabbath aside).

Pauliesonne
21st January 2006, 01:42 PM
I asked James Randi about the question which this forum is based on and he replied;

No.



One is based on emotional need, with no supporting evidence.



The other is based on a need to understand, and is supported by massive evidence.



James Randi.

Darat
21st January 2006, 01:47 PM
I asked James Randi about the question which this forum is based on and he replied;

No.



One is based on emotional need, with no supporting evidence.



The other is based on a need to understand, and is supported by massive evidence.



James Randi.

Well if you just asked him " Can you believe in Evolution and God?" and that was his answer then he is simply wrong. Many people do believe in both and that is easily demonstrated since we have people on this forum who believe in both.

slingblade
22nd January 2006, 10:48 AM
One can ask Randi questions? Wow, I had no idea.

Dr Adequate
22nd January 2006, 04:37 PM
This is an obvious contradiction if you ask me. Scripture says clearly God made man in his image. This tells me absolutely no way is Darwins theory valid. Or it tells you that your interpretation of the Bible is not valid.

Who do you want to believe God or Darwin? As you have modestly pointed out, you are a "baby Christian".

It is not necessary to choose between "God or Darwin".

To prove this, may I refer you to the Clergy Letter Project (http://www.uwosh.edu/colleges/cols/religion_science_collaboration.htm)?

This has been signed by a number of clergy who have been willing to put their names to the following statement:

We the undersigned, Christian clergy from many different traditions, believe that the timeless truths of the Bible and the discoveries of modern science may comfortably coexist. We believe that the theory of evolution is a foundational scientific truth, one that has stood up to rigorous scrutiny and upon which much of human knowledge and achievement rests. To reject this truth or to treat it as “one theory among others” is to deliberately embrace scientific ignorance and transmit such ignorance to our children. We believe that among God’s good gifts are human minds capable of critical thought and that the failure to fully employ this gift is a rejection of the will of our Creator. To argue that God’s loving plan of salvation for humanity precludes the full employment of the God-given faculty of reason is to attempt to limit God, an act of hubris. We urge school board members to preserve the integrity of the science curriculum by affirming the teaching of the theory of evolution as a core component of human knowledge. We ask that science remain science and that religion remain religion, two very different, but complementary, forms of truth.
Just for fun, let’s list all the signatories WHOSE SURNAMES BEGIN WITH THE LETTER B.

You will notice that it is rather longer than your recent list of creationist scientists / dentists / plastic surgeons.

The Rev. David P. Baak, Reformed Church in America, Leadership Team/Director, Grand Rapids Area Center for Ecumenism (GRACE), Interim Minister for Mission, Westminster Presbyterian Church, Grand Rapids, MI; The Rev. Brenda Baalhorn, Good Shepherd Lutheran Church, Casper, WY; The Rev. David J. Baar, Associate Priest, St. John's Episcopal Church, Kula, HI; The Rev. Dr. Ron Baard, Brunswick, ME; The Rev. Mark R. Babb, OSL, Director of Music Ministries, Coldwater United Methodist Church, Coldwater, MI; The Rev. Harold E. Babcock, First Religious Society, Unitarian Universalist, Newburyport, MA; The Rev. Marie A. Bacchiocchi, Pastor, First Congregational Church of Whately, UCC, Whately, MA; The Rev. Dr. M. Taylor Bach, Pastor , Pilgrim United Church of Christ, Cincinnati, OH; The Rev. Othello Bach-Grant, Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) , Hobbs, IN; The Rev. Anne Bachmann, North Hero/Grand Isle United Methodist, North Hero, VT; Raymond C. Backes, Retired Catholic Priest, Diocese of Bismarck, North Dakota, Altadena, CA; The Rev. Dr. Howard G. Backus, Rector, St. Timothy's Episcopal Church, Winston-Salem, NC; Pastor John L. Backus, II, St James Lutheran Church, ELCA, Kansas City, MO; The Rev. William A. Bacon, Retired Episcopal Priest, Ft. Collins, CO; The Rev. Dennis Bade, United Methodist Church, Midland, TX; The Rev. David G. Badgley, Episcopal Church, U.S.A., St. Petersburg, FL; Pastor Patricia J. Badkey, Good Shepherd Lutheran Church, ELCA, Cincinnati, OH; The Rev. Dr. Terrence Baeder, Zion Lutheran Church (ELCA), Tinley Park, IL; The Rev. Kyra Baehr, Unity of Divine Love, Chandler, AZ ; The Rev. Dr. Alexander Baer, D.Min., LPCC, Presbyterian Church (USA), Cincinnati, OH; The Rev. Dr. Douglas R. Baer, Presbyterian Minister, Mesa, AZ; The Rev. Gary Baer, Buckingham and Faith Chapel Presbyterian Churches, Berlin, MD; The Rev. Reed Baer, Pastor, West Parish of Barnstable, United Church of Christ, West Barnstable, MA; Pastor Robin Baer, Mountainview Parish, The United Methodist Church, Morris, PA; Dr. Ronald Baesler, Pastor, Messiah Lutheran Church, Yorba Linda, CA; The Rev. Edwina Baethge, ELCA, Martindale, TX; Martin J. Bagay, Interim Associate Rector, Christ Episcopal Church, Charlotte, NC; The Rev. Thomas Bagel , Erie, PA; The Rev. Elizabeth A. Bagioni, Assistant Rector, Trinity Episcopal Church, Arlington, VA; The Rev. Avelino T. Baguyos, St. Christopher's Episcopal Church, Wichita, KS; The Rev. John M. Bagwell, United Methodist clergy, Americus, GA; The Rev. Timothy J. Bagwell, Centenary United Methodist Church, Macon, GA; The Rev. Mary Elyn Bahlert, Pastor, Lake Merritt United Methodist Church, Oakland, CA; The Rev. Manfred K. Bahmann, Ph.D., Pastor , St. Paul's Lutheran Church, Albrightsville, PA; Pastor Lawrence Baietti, Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, Wilmington, NC; The Rev. Carrie Bail, Pastor, First Congregational Church of Williamstown U.C.C., Williamstown, MA; David J. Bailey, Pastor, Central Presbyterian Church, Anderson, SC; Howard R. Bailey, Th.D., Retired United Methodist Clergy, Lincoln, NE; The Rev. Dr. James L. Bailey, Professor of New Testament Emeritus, Wartburg Theological Seminary, Dubuque, IA; The Rev. John P. Bailey, Fox Chapel Episcopal Church, Pittsburgh, PA; The Rev. Dr. Marcia B. Bailey, Oaks, PA; The Rev. Mona A. Bailey, Grace Presbytery, Presbyterian Church (USA), St. Paul, TX; The Rev. Sally Steenhusen Bailey, Associate Pastor, Park Avenue Christian Church (Disciples of Christ), New York, NY; The Rev. Victoria R. Bailey, Elder, United Methodist Church - Southwest Texas Conference, Smithville, TX; Wendy S. Bailey, Associate General Presbyter for Evangelism/Renewal and New Church Development, Presbytery of New Covenant, Houston, TX; Kristine D. Bair, Commissioned Lay Pastor, First Presbyterian and United Methodist Churches, Wilson, KS; The Rev. Gary C. Baird, deacon, Grace Episcopal Church, Siloam Springs, AR; The Rev. Henry S. Baird, Rector, St. George's Episcopal Church, Hellertown, PA; The Rev. Joshua T. Baird, Tylersville Road Christian Church, (Disciples of Christ), Mason, OH; The Rev. Rebecca Baird, Associate Minister, Central Christian Church, (Disciples of Christ), Kettering, OH; The Rev. Dr. Marilyn H. Baissa, Senior Pastor, Trinity United Methodist Church, Whitesboro, NY; The Rev. Heidi M. Bak, New Field, NJ; The Rev. April Baker, Pastor, Glendale Baptist Church, Alliance of Baptists/Cooperative Baptist Fellowship, Nashville, TN; The Rev. Christine L. Baker , Rochester, NY; The Rev. David C. Baker, Ph.D., ELCA, Hagerstown, MD; David C. Baker, MA, National Association of Catholic Chaplains, Board Certifited Chaplain, Ministry Health Care, Stevens Point, WI; The Rev. Dr. David E. Baker, Retired, Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, Penn Valley, CA; The Rev. Dr. F. Russell Baker, Pastor , First Congregational United Church of Christ, Benton Harbor, MI; The Rev. J. Bruce Baker, Pastor, All Souls Parish (PCUSA), Port Chester, NY; The Rev. Jane P. Baker, Dayspring United Methodist Church, Tempe, AZ; The Rev. John Baker, St. Aidan's Episcopal Church, Virginia Beach, VA; The Rev. Jonathan Baker, Aldersgate U.M. Church, Wilmington, DE; The Rev. Patty Baker, Vicar, St. Clare Episcopal Church, Snoqualmie, WA; The Rev. Lillian Baker-Holleman, United Methodist Church, Alamo, CA; The Rev. Andrew M. Bakken, St. Mark Lutheran Church, Rockford, IL; The Rev. Ramie Bakken, Associate Pastor, Evangelical Lutheran Church, Black River Falls, WI; The Rev. Pamela Spence Bakker, Pastor, Presbyterian Church in Elmont, Elmont, NY; The Rev. Richard Bakker, Pastor, Wantagh Memorial Congregational Church , Wantagh, NY; Wm. H. Balch, BD, Ed.D., Retired United Methodist Church Clergy, Family Pastoral Counselor, Knoxville, TN; Pastor Ben Baldus, Lansing, MI; The Rev. Dr. Frank C. Baldwin, Chaplain and Director of Pastoral Care, Presbyterian Homes, Evanston, IL; The Rev. Jay Baldwin, Pastor, SouthSide Christian Church, (Disciples of Christ), Tulsa, OK; The Rev. John A. Baldwin, Emmanuel Episcopal Church, Virginia Beach, VA; Matthew C. Baldwin, American Baptist Minister, Assistant Professor, Department of Religion and Philosophy, Mars Hill College, Mars Hill, NC; The Rev. E. David Ball, Director of Pastoral Care/Chaplaincy, Easton, PA; The Rev. Dr. David L. Ballantyne, B.C.C., AAMFT, Chaplain Veteran Affairs, Elverson, PA; The Rev. Catherine S. Ballard, American Baptist Churches of the Rochester/Genesee Region, Rochester, NY; The Rev. Mark E. Ballard, Pastor, First Baptist Church in Chili, President, American Baptist Church of the Rochester/Genesee Region, Rochester, NY; The Rev. Martha Ballard, The United Methodist Church, Rosman, NC; The Rev. Andrew W. Ballentine, Jr., St. Stephen Lutheran Church, Williamsburg, VA; The Rev. Darline Balm-Demmel, Retired, United Methodist Church , Cedar Falls, IA; Alfred Bamsey, Retired United Methodist Pastor, Ann Arbor, MI; The Rev. Pr. K. G. Banwart, Jr., St. Matthew's Evangelical Lutheran Church, Glendale, CA; The Rev. Melanie Barbarito, Pastor, St. Francis' Episcopal Church, Wildwood, MO; The Rev. David A. Barber, First Congregational United Church of Christ, Fort Worth, TX; The Rev. Michael D. Barber, S.J., Ph.D., Department of Philosophy, St. Louis University, St. Louis, MO; The Rev. Edward F. Barbezat, Pastor, Epler's Church UCC, Leesport, PA; The Rev. Bernard E. Barbour, Pastor, Emmaus Metropolitan Community Church, Fayetteville, NC; The Rev. Kay C. Barckley, University Temple United Methodist Church, Seattle, WA; The Rev. Frank L. Barcus, Tarpon Springs, FL; The Rev. Dean Bard, Assistant to the Bishop, Delaware-Maryland Synod, Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, Baltimore, MD; The Rev. Dr. Gordon A. Bardos, St. Thomas' Episcopal Church, Brandon, VT; The Rev. Darrell Bare, Chaplain, Watauga Medical Center, Boone, NC; The Rev. Walter B. Barger, Retired United Methodist Clergy, Buchanan, VA; Dr. Bob Barker, Chaplain, Southern Baptist, Miami, OK; The Rev. Catherine A Barker, Magnolia United Church of Christ, Seattle, WA; The Rev. Gary J.M. Barker, Episcopal Church (ECUSA), Smithfield, VA; The Rev. J. Scott Barker, Christ Church, Warwick, NY ; The Rev. James A. Barker, Retired, Northern California-Nevada Annual Conference, United Methodist Church, Modesto, CA; The Rev. Jo Ann Barker, Priest-in-Charge, St. Mark's Episcopal Church, Jonesboro, AR; The Rev. Dr. Michael K. Barker, Pilgrim Faith UCC, Oak Lawn, IL; The Rev. Dr. Paula Barker, Seabury-Western Theological Seminary, Evanston, IL; The Rev. Robert L. Barker, Lutheran Church - Missouri Synod, Clare, MI; The Rev. Barbara Barkley, Associate Pastor, Bethel Community Presbyterian Church, San Leandro, CA; The Rev. Dr. Linda Barkwill, In The Light Interfaith Ministry, Mequon, WI; The Rev. Bill Barnard, BCC, Chaplain, Swan Creek Retirement Village, Toledo, OH; The Rev. Joseph R. Barndt, Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, Watsonville, CA; The Rev. Dawn Barnes, Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) , East London, South Africa, (US citizen); The Rev. Dr. Donald J. Barnes, Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.), Rancho Palos Verdes, CA; Janice Edwards Barnes, Associate for Family Ministries, First Congregational Church of Webster Groves, U.C.C., St. Louis, MO; The Rev. Jon Barnes, Christian Church (Disciples of Christ), East London, South Africa, (US citizen); The Rev. Vern Barnet, DMn, Minister Emeritus, Center for Religious Experience and Study, Kansas City, MO; The Rev. Dr. Becca F. Barnett, Episcopal Diocese of California, San Francisco, CA; The Rev. Webster G. Barnett, Assisting Priest, St. Barnabas Episcopal Church, Bainbridge Island, WA; The Rev. David H. Barnhouse, M.D., Trinity Episcopal Church, Santa Barbara, CA; The Rev. Dr. Jim Barnum, Pastor, Bellmore Presbyterian Church , Bellmore, NY; A. Joseph Baroody Jr., D.Min., LPC, Director, Baroody Pastoral Counseling, Florence, SC; The Rev. Martha Barr, American Baptist Theologian, Retired, Saint Davids, PA; The Rev. Constance Y. Barrett , Episcopal Priest, Milwaukee, WI; The Rev. Glenn Barrett, Oakhurst Baptist Church, American Baptist Churches USA, Decatur, GA; The Rev. J. Edward Barrett, Ph.D., Professor of Religion and Philosophy (retired), Muskingum College , New Concord, OH , Presbyterian Church U.S.A., Brevard, NC ; The Rev. John M. Barrett, Senior Pastor, West Center Congregational Church, United Church of Christ, Bronxville, NY; The Rev. Gregory Barrette, Warren, MI; The Rev. Carol J. Barriger, 1st Congregational Church, United Church of Christ, Redwood City, CA; The Rev. Dr. Jean M. Barrington, Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, Point Roberts, WA; The Rev. Jennie Ann Barrington, M.Div., Minister, The Unitarian Universalist Church of Winchendon, Winchendon, MA; The Rev. Colin V. Barrow, Retired, Episcopal Church, Diocese of Southern Ohio, Trotwood, OH; The Rev. Jennifer McG. Barrows, Priest in Charge, Ascension and Holy Trinity Parish, West Park, NY; The Rev. Lisa Barry, Pastor, Prince of Peace Lutheran Church, ELCA, Stuart, FL; Pastor James Barsch, Lutheran Church of the Resurrection ELCA, Racine, WI; The Rev. Deborah L. Bartelt, Congregational United Church of Christ, Conrath and Ladysmith, WI; The Rev. Anne K. Bartlett, Rector, Trinity Episcopal Church, Ashland, OR ; The Rev. Dr. H. Milton Bartlett, West Boylston, MA; The Rev. Wm. Peter Bartlett, The United Methodist Church, Onaway, MI; The Rev. Barbara L. Bartling, Holy Comforter Lutheran Church, ELCA, Kingwood, TX; The Rev. L. Paul Bartling, The Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, Seattle, WA; The Rev. Anne W. Barton, Episcopal Priest, Diocese of Olympia, Sammamish, WA; The Rev. John C. Barton, Assistant , St. Chad's Episcopal Church, Albuquerque, NM; The Rev. Dr. Karin Bascom Culp, Pastor , St. John's UMC, Batesburg, SC; Pastor Allan Bash, The Congregational United Church of Christ, Shenandoah, IA; The Rev. Joyce Basler, Prebyterian Pastor, New Windsor, IL ; The Rev. Lucy Basler , Webster, WI; The Rev. Dr. William L. Bass, Christian Church (Disciples of Christ), Indianapolis, IN; The Rev. Bryan S. Bass-Riley, Samaritan Center for Grief Support, Marlton, NJ; The Rev. Lori Bass-Riley, Pastor, Christ Presbyterian Church in Greenwich Township, Gibbstown, NJ; The Rev. David Bateman, St. Thaddaeus' Episcopal Church, Chattanooga, TN; The Rev. Hank Bates, Independent Religious Science, Desert Cities Community Church of Religious Science, Palm Springs, CA; The Rev. J. Barrington Bates, Church of the Ascension, New York, NY; The Rev. Robert S. Bates, Episcopal Priest, Belvidere, IL; Elder Stacie Simmons Bates, Community of Christ, Bremerton, WA; The Rev. Dr. Barbara L. Battin, Presbyterian Church USA, Protestant Campus Minister, Sinclair Community College , Dayton, OH; The Rev. Sid Batts, D.Min., First Presbyterian Church, Greensboro, NC; The Rev. Arthur O. F. Bauer, Retired, Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, Chatham, NJ; The Rev. Leon Bauer, Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, Penn Valley, CA; Pastor Timothy M. Bauer, Trinity Lutheran Church, Milaca, MN; The Rev. Tim Bauerkemper, Faith Lutheran Church, ELCA, Seguin, TX; The Rev. Dr. William J. Baugh, Tampa, FL; The Rev. William F. Baughan, Ministerial Consultant, First Congregational Parish, Unitarian, Petersham, MA; Dr. Brian K. Bauknight, Senior Minister, Christ United Methodist Church, Bethel Park, PA; The Rev. Bruce Baum, Faith Lutheran Church ELCA, Rapid City, SD; The Rev. Denis B. Baum, Interim Rector, Holy Nativity Episcopal Church, Panama City, FL; The Rev. George Bauman, Pastor, Bethel Lutheran Church, Madison, WI; The Rev. Ward J. Bauman, Director, The Episcopal House of Prayer, Collegeville, MN; The Rev. Thomas T. Baumgardner, ELCA, Chaplain, LTC USA Retired, Tallmadge, OH; The Rev. Jonathan Baumgarten, Grace Episcopal Church, Oak Park, IL; John Baumgartner, Retired UCC Pastor, Grand Ledge, MI; The Rev. Lisa A. Baumgartner, Pastor, Bosqueville United Methodist Church, Waco, TX; Neal L. Baumwart, Retired United Methodist Pastor, Oklahoma City, OK; The Rev. Dr. Michael G. Bausch, Union Congregational UCC, Waupun, WI; The Rev. Dr. Ledyard S. Baxter, Old Steeple Community Church, United Church of Christ, Aquebogue, NY; The Rev. Nancy Baxter, United Church of Christ, Aquebogue, NY; The Rev. Dr. Ledyard S. Baxter, Old Steeple Community Church , United Church of Christ, Aquebogue, NY; Eugene C. Bay, Pastor Emeritus, Bryn Mawr Presbyterian Church, Bryn Mawr, PA; The Rev. Thomas G. Bayes, Jr., American Baptist, Peoria, IL; The Rev. Lavon Bayler, United Church of Christ , Elgin, IL; The Rev. Bruce Bayne, Rector, St. Luke's Church, San Francisco, CA; The Rev. Glen W. Bays, Honorably Retired, Presbyterian Church (USA), Stillwater, OK; The Rev. Gary A. Beach, Director of Connectional Ministries, Kansas East Conference, The United Methodist Church, Topeka, KS ; The Rev. Dr. George Kimmich Beach, Retired Unitarian Universalist Minister, Madison, VA; The Rev. Marjorie Beach, Pastor, Community Lutheran Church (ELCA), West Sacramento, CA; The Rev. Oliver Beach, Retired , Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, Mansfield, OH; The Rev. Anne Beall, Presbyterian Church (USA), Wimberley, TX; The Rev. John V. Beams, Presbyterian USA, The Villages, FL; The Rev. Dave Bean, Oregon-Idaho Annual Conference, United Methodist Church, West Linn, OR; The Rev. Kevin Bean, Vicar, St. Bartholomew's Church, New York, NY; The Rev. Leighton H. Bearden, United Methodist, Rowlett, TX; The Rev. Bill Beardslee, United Church of Jaffrey, Jaffrey, NH; The Rev. Curtis Beardsley, OSFR, Catholic Apostolic Church of Antioch, Phoenix, AZ; The Rev. Sandy Bearg, Chaplain, Episcopal, Thronton, CO; The Rev. Helen R. Beasley, Episcopal Church USA, Roanoke, VA; Father R. Sherman Beattie, Saint Andrew's Episcopal Church, Stamford, CT; The Rev. Holly A. Beaumont, President, Santa Fe Jewish and Christian Dialogue, Santa Fe, NM; The Very Rev. John C. Beaven, Episcopal Church, Phippsburg, ME; The Rev. Dr. Bill E. Beck, Retired, United Methodist Clergy, Modesto, CA; The Rev. Cindy S. Beck, ELCA Clergy, Houston, TX; Joan L. Beck, Pastor, Bethlehem Lutheran Church (ELCA), Portland, OR; Dr. Norman A. Beck, Poehlmann Professor of Theology and Classical Languages and, Chair, Department of Theology, Philosophy, and Classical Languages, Texas Lutheran University, Seguin, TX; The Rev. Paul R. Beck, Little Zion Lutheran Church, Telford, PA; The Rev. Richard Beck, Schoeneck Moravian Church, Nazareth, PA; The Rev. Robert F. Beck, Retired, United Church of Christ, Canal Fulton, OH; The Rev. Sarai Schnucker Beck, Acting General Presbyter, North Central Iowa Presbytery, Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.), Des Moines, IA; Deacon Mary Louise Beck-Weiner , St. Michael's Epsicopal Cathedral , Boise, ID; The Rev. Paul Beckel, First Universalist Unitarian Church , Wausau, WI; The Rev. Harlan F. Beckemeyer, Retired, United Church of Christ, Louisville, KY; The Rev. Amy R. Becker, Unity Lutheran Church, Milwaukee, WI; The Rev. Dr. James M. Becker, M.Div., Ph.D, Norfolk, VA; The Rev. Mark E. Becker, Lutheran Church of Peace, Maplewood, MN; The Rev. Dr. Randolph W. B. Becker, Unitarian Universalist Community Church, Park Forest, IL; The Rev. Vivian J. Becker, Retired, Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, Arlington Heights, IL; Pastor David Beckett, St. John United Methodist Church, Anchorage, AK; James D. Beckham, Retired Lutheran Pastor, Toledo, OH ; The Rev. Dr. Kim Beckmann, ELCA, Iron River, MI; The Rev. Don E. Bedwell, Manistique First United Methodist Church, Manistique, MI; The Rev. Barton Beebe, Christ Lutheran Church, Sterling Heights, MI; The Rev. Fred H. Beebe, Moore Haven, FL; The Rev. Lloyd E. Beebe, United Church of Christ, Minneapolis, MN; The Rev. Paul J. Beeman, Pacific Northwest Annual Conference, The United Methodist Church, Des Moines, WA; Edwin Beers, United Church of Christ, Madison, WI; The Rev. William Beers, PhD, Director of Pastoral Care , St. Clare Hospital, Baraboo, WI; The Rev. June W. Begany, Associate Pastor, Old Stone Church, First Presbyterian, Cleveland, OH; The Rev. Pat Beghtel-Mahle, United Methodist, Sulphur Springs, TX ; The Rev. Helen Beglin, Westfield, NJ ; The Rev. Wells E. Behee, First Universalist Church, New Madison, OH; The Rev. Bill Behrend, Lutheran Church of Our Saviour, Leesburg, GA; Pastor Mark Behrendt, Galilean Lutheran Church ELCA, Corpus Christi, TX; The Rev. Haiko Behrens, St. Peter's Lutheran Church (ELCA), Warren, MI; The Rev. William C. Behrens, Retired, Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, Westminster, CO; The Rev. Joan E. Beilstein, Episcopal Church, U.S.A., Silver Spring, MD; The Rev. Elizabeth A. Belasco, St. Peter's Episcopal Church, Bay Shore, NY; The Rev. Emmy Lou Belcher, Morristown Unitarian Fellowship, Morristown, NJ; The Rev. William P. Belko, Trinity United Church of Christ, Northport, MI; The Rev. Dr. Beverlee Bell, United Methodist Church, Storm Lake, IA; The Rev. James G. Bell, Jr., First Presbyterian Church, Normal, IL; The Rev. John A. Bell, Archdeacon , Universal Anglican Church, Associate Pastor , Church of St. Savior, San Francisco, Oakland, CA; The Rev. Wayne H. Bell, Retired, Christian Church (Disciples of Christ), Lexington, KY; The Rev. Wendy L. Bell, First Congregational Unitarian Church, Harvard, MA; The Rev. Joan Bell-Haynes, Co-Pastor, United Christian Parish of Reston, VA, An Ecumenical Congregation comprised of the United Methodist Church, Presbyterian Church, USA, United Church of Christ, and Christian Church (Disciples of Christ), Washington, DC; The Rev. Thom Belote, Minister, Shawnee Mission Unitarian Universalist Church, Overland Park, KS; The Rev. Allan E. Belton, Interim Rector, St. John’s Episcopal Church, Diocese of Ohio, Cuyahoga Falls, OH; Fr. Harlan Bemis, Vicar, St. Aelred's Cluster, Merrill, Antigo, Tomahawk, WI; The Rev. Bruce Benander, Lutheran Church in America, Springfield, MA; The Rev. Joel R. Benbow, Pastor, Trinity Lutheran Church, Evanston, IL; The Rev. Nancy Nord Bence, Senior Pastor, Peace Lutheran Church-ELCA, Coon Rapids, MI; The Rev. Douglas Bendall, Ph.D., The Newark School of Theology, Newark, NJ; Pastor Barbara W. Bender, St.Timothy Lutheran Church (ELCA), Midland, MI; The Rev. Deacon David R. Bender, St. James Episcopal Church, Hyde Park, NY; The Rev. James P. Bender, Presbyterian Church (USA), Wauwatosa, WI; The Rev. George E. Bender, United Methodist Pastor, Uniontown, OH; Pastor Roy Bender, Lancaster, PA; The Rev. Norman Bendroth, Congregational Church of Topsfield, Topsfield, MA; The Rev. Larry R. Benfield, Rector , Christ Episcopal Church, Little Rock, AR; The Rev. Shereda K. Benfield , Presbyterian Church (USA), Bend, OR; William G. Benfield, Professor Emeritus of Religion, Pfeiffer University, Misenheimer, NC; The Rev. Glen A. Bengson, First Evangelical Lutheran Church (ELCA), Xenia, OH; The Rev. Dr. John W. Bengston, Retired Evangelical Lutheran Church in America Pastor, Aurora, CO; The Rev. Paul S. Bengtson, Retired, Assistant to the Bishop, Western Iowa Synod, Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, Storm Lake, IA; The Rev. Scott A. Benhase, Rector, Saint Philip's Episcopal Church, Durham, NC; The Rev. Dr. Paul Benjamin, Pastor, Emory United Methodist Church, Street, MD; The Rev. Dr. D. Michael Bennethum, Reformation Evangelical Lutheran Church, Reading, PA; The Rev. Betsy Bennett, Saint Mark's Episcopal Pro-Cathedral, Hastings, NE; The Rev. Bill Bennett, Associate Rector, Church of the Good Shepherd (Episcopal), Raleigh, NC; The Rev. Brad Bennett, Winston-Salem, NC; The Rev. Cn. Thaddeus A. Bennett, Rector, St. Mary's in the Mountains Episcopal Church in Wilmington, VT, Newfane, VT; The Rev. Cindy Bennett, Wynnton United Methodist Church, Columbus, GA; James H. Bennett, Interim Executive Presbyter , Presbytery of Southern New England, New Canaan, CT; The Rev. JoAnne Bennett, St. Christopher's Episcopal Church, San Lorenzo, CA; The Rev. Dr. John H. Bennett, Director, MSR Center for Rural Ministry, Jefferson City, MO; The Rev. Leo E. Bennett, United Methodist Church, Holland, MI; The Rev. Norman Bennett, Peace United Methodist Parish, Van Horne, IA; The Rev. Dr. Paul C. Bennett, Elder, Peninsula Delaware Conference of the United Methodist Church, Hospice Chaplain, Newark, Delaware; The Rev. Dr. Quentin Bennett, Senior Pastor, First United Methodist Church, Wellington, KS; The Rev. Russell L. Bennett, The Tulsa Interfaith Alliance , Tulsa, OK; The Rev. Dr. Sheldon W. Bennett, United First Parish Church (Unitarian Universalist), Quincy, MA; The Rev. Dr. Virginia L. Bennett, Rector, St. Andrew's Episcopal Church, Edwardsville, IL; The Rev. William Bennett, Middletown United Methodist Church, Middletown, MD; The Rev. Deborah Bennett Reynolds, Lake Avenue Baptist Church, Rochester, NY; Pastor Paul Bennetts, Mission Road Community of Christ, Prairie Village, KS; The Right Rev. Charles Bennison, Episcopal Bishop of the Diocese of PA, Philadelphia, PA ; The Rev. A. Wayne Benson, STD, Retired, Presbyterian Church (USA), Pittsburgh, PA; Pastor Anne R. Benson, St. Luke Lutheran Church, Cold Spring, KY; The Rev. David H. Benson, Retired Priest, Diocese of Missouri, Inver Grove Heights, MN; The Rev. Gaye G. Benson, Ph.D., Pastor, United Methodist Church, El Sobrante, CA; The Rev. Steven Benson, Bethany Lutheran Church (ELCA), Minneapolis, MN; The Rev. Stephen S. Bentley, Interim Associate Regional Minister, Christian Church in Ohio , (Disciples of Christ), Columbus, OH; The Rev. Susan E. Bentley, St. James Episcopal Church, Roanoke, VA; The Rev. William A. Bentley, South Point United Methodist, South Point, OH; Donald Bentz, Pastor, Good Samaritan Lutheran (ELCA), Lanham, MD; The Rev. Dr. Thomas Bentz, Southeast Wisconsin Association Minister, United Church of Christ, Milwaukee, WI; The Rev. Dr. Alan Bentz-Letts, Hospice Chaplain, Flushing, NY; Professor Frank L. Benz, Hebrew Bible Emeritus Professor, Wartburg Theological Seminary (ELCA), Dubuque, IA; The Rev. John C. Beran, Retired, Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.), Lenox, IA; The Rev. Edward M. Berckman, Retired, Episcopal Diocese of Georgia, Valdosta, GA; The Rev. Alan C. Berg, Silverdale Lutheran Church ELCA, Silverdale, WA; The Rev. Barbara A. Berg, Watertown Moravian Church, Watertown, WI; The Rev. David F. Berg, Chaplain, TLC Consult Team, Cultural Competency Educator, University of Minnesota Medical Center, Fairview, ELCA, Minneapolis, MN; The Rev. David M. Berg, ELCA Lutheran, Prior Lake, MN; The Rev. Gary E. Berg, Bethlehem Lutheran Church, St. Cloud, MN ; The Rev. Lowell O. Berg, Pastor, Bethlehem Lutheran Church, ELCA, Hills, MN; Pastor Tor Kristian Berg, Trinity Lutheran Church, Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, Pullman, WA; The Rev. Glenn Berg Moberg, Senior Pastor, St. Anthony Park Lutheran Church, St. Paul, MN; Victor Berg-Haglund, Pastor, Saron Lutheran Church, Escalon, CA; The Rev, Daniel Bergeland, Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, Duluth, MN; The Rev. Franklyn J. Bergen, St. Andrew's Episcopal Church, Tucson, AZ; The Rev. Charles F. Berger, Palmetto Health Richland, Columbia, SC; The Rev. Diane H. Berger, Pastor, St. Paul United Church of Christ, Glenford, OH; The Rev. Gregory A Berger, Senior Pastor, Messiah Lutheran Church, Omaha, NE; The Rev. Julie Allen Berger, Chaplain, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, MO; The Rev. Martha Berger, St. Anskar's Episcopal Church , Hartland, WI; The Rev. Marilee Bergerson, Bethesda Lutheran Church, Alexandria, MN; The Rev. Robert W. Bergeson, Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, White Bear Lake, MN; The Rev. Dr. Debra Bergeson-Graham, Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.), Billings, MT; The Rev. Alvin J. Bergh , Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, Aurora, IL; The Most Rev. Craig Bergland, Presiding Bishop of the Universal Anglican Church, Milwaukee, WI; The Most Rev. Michael G. Bergman, D.D., The "Old Catholic" Church of Antioch, Diocese of the West, Fort Collins, CO; The Rev. J. Stephen Bergmann, St. Matthew's Episcopal Church, Jamestown, RI; The Rev. Dr. William Carl Bergmann, Rector, Church of the Good Shepherd (Episcopal), Clinton, MA; The Rev. Arthur C. Bergren, Senior Pastor, Grace Lutheran Church, ELCA, Woodstock, IL; Pastor Ben Bergren, Living Hope Lutheran Church, Frankfort, IL; Lynn Bergren, Pastor , Augustana Lutheran Church, Andover, IL; Pr. David A. Bergstrom, Grace Lutheran (ELCA) Church, Spirit Lake, IA; The Rev. Shelly H. Bergstrom, Supervisor of CPE, Edward Hospital & Health Services, Department of Spiritual Care Services & Pastoral Education, Naperville, IL; The Rev. David L. Berkey, Executive Director, Camps and Retreat Ministry, Florida Conference - United Methodist Church, Leesburg, FL; Ted Berkland, Retired ELCA Pastor , Grantsburg, WI; The Rev. Elizabeth Berman, Acting Chaplain and, Assistant Director of Admissions, Harvard Divinity School, Cambridge, MA; The Rev. Timothy L.H. Bernard, Associate Pastor, Messiah Lutheran Church, St. Mark's Lutheran Church, Marquette, MI; Roger L. Berner, Pastor, Trinity Lutheran Church (ELCA), North Bethesda, MD; The Rev. Margaret Bernhard, Deacon, Church of the Good Samaritan (Episcopal), Corvallis, OR; The Rev. Christopher D. Berry, Lutheran Campus Pastor, Western Washington University, Bellingham, WA; The Rev. James Berry, Retired, First Congregational Church, Western Springs, IL; The Rev. Liz Berry, The Alliance of Baptists, Chaplain, St. Louis Children's Hospital, St. Louis, MO; The Rev. Philip J. Berry, Retired, St. Andrew Lutheran Church, ELCA, San Diego, CA; The Rev. Dr. Steven E. Berry, First Congregational Church UCC, Manchester, VT; The Rev. Sue Berry, General Presbyter, Presbytery of Wabash Valley, Rochester, IN; Pastor Matthew Bersagel, Our Savior's Lutheran Church, ELCA, Greeley, CO; Dr. William J. Bersley, Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, Thousand Oaks, CA; The Rev. James Bertelli, St. Eulalia Parish, Winchester, MA; The Rev. Darcy Bertelmann, Lead Interim Pastor, Salem (Rohrerstown) United Church of Christ, Lancaster, PA; Pastor Bob Berthold, Immanuel Lutheran Church (ELCA), Clara City, MN; The Rev. Dr. Mal Bertram, Retired United Church of Christ Pastor , South Wellfleet, MA; The Rev. Amy Bertschausen, BCC, Christian Church (Disciples of Christ), Appleton, WI; The Rev. Roger Bertschausen, Fox Valley Unitarian Universalist Fellowship, Appleton, WI; The Rev. Bill Bess, First Presbyterian Church, Havana, FL; The Rev. James L. Bessey, Pastor, Christ Lutheran Church, Long Beach, CA; The Rev. John M. Best, Montauk Community Church , Presbyterian Church (USA), Montauk, NY; The Rev. Dr. Helen R. Betenbaugh, Episcopal Priest, Marianna, FL; The Rev. Lander L. Bethel, Grand Avenue Presbyterian Church, Sherman, TX; The Rev. Jeffrey Bethke, Portland, OR; The Rev. Dr. Larry Bethune, Senior Pastor, University Baptist Church (ABCUSA), Austin, TX; The Rev. Thomas F. Beveridge, D.Min., Pastoral Counselor, Bloomfield, CT; Dr. Arnetta E. Beverly, Northeast District, The United Methodist Church, Madison, NC; The Rev. Rudy Beyer, Pastor, Immanuel Lutheran Church (ELCA), Amherst, MA, and Lutheran Campus Pastor, University of Massachusetts, Amherst College, Smith College, Mt. Holyoke College, Hampshire College, Amherst, MA; The Rev. Michael W. Beynon, Assoc. EE BA M.Div., Second United Church of Christ , Harrisburg, PA; The Rev. Gregory Bezilla, Chaplain, The Episcopal Campus Ministry at Rutgers, New Brunswick/Piscataway, NJ; Bernadette Bezner, Chaplain, Congregation of Divine Providence, San Antonio, TX; The Rev. David M. Bibbee, Creekside Church of the Brethren, Elkhart, IN ; The Rev. W. Dean Bickel, ELCA, Perkasie, PA; Eric A. Biedermann, Pastor, Trinity Lutheran Church, Fort Collins, CO; Pastor Eric W. Biedermann, Holy Trinity Lutheran Church, Ankeny, IA; The Rev. Dr. Harry L. ("Jack") Biemiller, Retired, Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, North Fort Myers, FL; The Rev. Dr. Edward G. Bierhaus, Jr., St. Mary's Episcopal Church, Asheville, NC; The Rev. Andrew J. Bierkan, St. Paul United Church of Christ, North College Hill, Cincinnati, OH; Pastor Paul A. Bierlein, MDiv, MA, Evangelical Lutheran Church in America , Director of Pastoral Care / Bioethics, St. Luke's Hospital, Maumee, OH; The Rev. Mark Bigelow, The Congregational Church of Huntington, UCC, Centerport, NY; The Rev. Thomas S. Bigelow, Episcopal, Seattle, WA; Joel Biggers, Pastor , United Methodist Presbyterian Campus Ministry, Bozeman, MT; Mary Anne Biggs, Co-Pastor, United Church of Christ, Babcock Community Church, Babcock, WI; The Rev. Lee Biggs-Scribner, United Methodist Deacon in Full Connection, OK annual Conference, Fort Worth, TX; Mark Bigley, Episcopal Diocese of Ohio, Toledo, OH; W. Michael Biklen, Pastor, Santa Fe United Methodist Church, Fort Madison, IA; The Rev. Kate Bilis-Bastos, Presbyterian Church (USA), Hospital Chaplain, San Francisco, CA; The Rev. William C. Bill, Martin United Methodist Church, Martin, MI; The Rev. Jeffrey G. Billerbeck, Madison, WI; The Rev. John Billings, Swedenborgian General Convention Church, Cincinnati, OH; The Rev. Stephen R. Billings , Director, Church Ministries, ECS, Philadelphia, PA; The Rev. Michael Billingsley, Saint Elizabeth's Episcopal Church, Sudbury, MA; The Rev. Ruth L. Billington, Presbyterian Church (USA), Columbus, IN; The Rev. William C. Bills, Martin-Shelbyville UMCs, Martin, MI; The Rev. Dr. Brad A. Binau, Associate Professor of Pastoral Theology, Trinity Lutheran Seminary, Columbus, OH; The Rev. John B Binde, Pastor, Chestnut Hill United Church of Christ, Coopersburg, PA; Dr. Paul Binder, Pastor, United Church of Christ, Sarasota, FL; The Rev. Dn. Tom Binder, Episcopal Diocese of Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI; The Rev. Sally G. Bingham, Episcopal, San Francisco, CA; The Rev. Timothy W. Bingman, Botschaft/St. Peter's Lutheran Parish, Mt. Pleasant Mills, PA; Dr. Bruce C. Birch, Dean and Miller Professor of Biblical Theology, Wesley Theological Seminary, Washington, DC; The Rev. Dr. Phyllis A. Bird, Retired, United Methodist, Evanston, IL; The Rev. Betty Jo "B.J." Birkhahn-Rommelfanger, Senior Pastor, First United Methodist Church , Waukegan, IL; The Rev. Virginia Rila Birks, Presbyterian Church (USA), East Canton, OH; The Rev. James G. Birney, Priest Associate, St. Peter's Episcopal Church, Paoli, PA; Vicar John Bischoff, Immanuel Lutheran Church, ELCA, Cedarburg, WI; The Rev. Paula Bishop, Transitional Associate Regional Minister , Christian Church (Disciples of , Christ) of N. Calif-Nevada, San Ramon, CA; The Rev. Donald E. Bitsberger, Retired Priest, Episcopal Church, Bethesda, MD; The Rev. Patrice Bittner-Humphreys, Presbyterian Church (USA), Amelia, VA; Gene Bixler, Pastor, Stony United Methodist Church, Stony, TX; The Rev. Armin C. Bizer, Retired, United Church of Christ, Venice, FL; The Rev. Paul A. Bizer, Senior Minister, Peace Dale Congregational United Church of Christ, Peace Dale, RI; Waldemar A. Bizer, Chaplain USAF, Retired, United Church of Christ, Austin, TX; Bishop Allan Bjornberg, Rocky Mountain Synod, Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, Denver, CO; The Rev. Geoffrey A. Black, Conference Minister, New York Conference United Church of Christ, E. Syracuse, NY; Dr. James R. Black, Jacksonville, FL; The Rev. Dr. Katharine C. Black, St. Augustine and St. Martin Episcopal Church , Boston, MA; The Rev. Dr. Kathleen Black, United Methodist Church, Claremont, CA; Lenny Eugene Black, High Priest, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Qualicum Beach, BC, Canada, (US citizen) ; The Rev. Rebecca Black, St. Paul's Episcopal Church, Millis, MA; The Rev. Canon Elliot H. Blackburn, Belleville, IL; The Rev. Gerald J. Blackburn, Episcopal Church, Wilmington, NC; The Rev. Robert Blackburn, United Methodist Church, Berlin, WI; The Rev. Steven Blackburn, Ph.D., Library Director and, Faculty Associate in Semitic Scriptures, Hartford Seminary, Hartford, CT; The Rev. LeAnn Blackert, American Baptist and United Church of Christ, San Leandro, CA; Pastor Jean Blackie, Moosic United Methodist Church, Moosic, PA; The Very Rev. Ralph Blackman, Dean, St. James Episcopal Cathedral, Chicago, IL; The Rev. Lisa R. Blackmonson, Pastor, Providence United Methodist Church, Suffolk, VA; The Rev. Bruce H. Blacknight, Universal Life Church, Marshall, NC; The Rev. David S. Blackshear, Presbyterian Church (USA), Center Sandwich, NH; The Rev. Ross H. Blackstock , St Michael's Episcopal Church , Paonia, CO; The Rev. Steven R. Blackstock , Associate Pastor, Memorial Presbyterian Church, Appleton, WI; The Rev. Rebecca M. Blackwell , Presbyterian Church (USA), Reseda, CA; The Rev. Ronald Terry Blade, Presbyterian Church (USA), Hampton, VA; The Rev. Dr. Gary Blaine, Senior Minister, First Unitarian Church of Toledo, Toledo, OH; The Rev. Ann S. Blair, Morris United Methodist Church, Morris, NY; The Rev. Christine E. Blair, Ph.D., Presbyterian Church, USA, American Church in Paris, Paris, France, (US citizen); The Rev. Deborah Blair, Presbyterian Church (USA), The Dalles, OR; The Rev. Ed Blair, Mount Cross Lutheran Church, Payson, AZ ; The Rev. Paige Blair, Rector , St. George's Episcopal Church, York Harbor, ME; Dr. William E. Blake, Jr., Interim Minister, Bethany Christian Church, (Disciples of Christ) and , Professor Emeritus of European History, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA; The Rev. Charles E. Blakely, Minister-at-Large , Foothills Presbytery (PC[USA]), Adjunct Faculty, Presbyterian College, Pelzer, SC; Dr. Clancy Blakemore, Retired, Visalia Church of Religious Science, Visalia, CA; The Rev. Josh Blakesley, Associate Pastor , Community Church of Honolulu, United Church of Christ , Honolulu, HI; The Rev. Raymond L. Blakley, Ph.D., D.Sc., Iona Hope Episcopal Church, Fort Myers, FL; Dallas A. Blanchard, Ph.D., Minister , The United Methodist Church and, Professor Emeritus, University of West Florida, Pensacola, FL; The Rev. Dr. Judith H. Blanchard, United Church of Christ, Protestant Chaplain, Maine Medical Center, Portland, ME; The Rev. Doug Bland, Community Christian Church (DOC), Tempe, AZ; The Rev. Dr. Robert W. Blaney, Professor Emeritus, Religious Studies Department, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA, Retired UMC Pastor, Aptos, CA; The Rev. David M. Blank, Chaplain, Lutheran Care Ministries Network, Clinton, NY; The Rev. Aaron D. Blankenhorn, Associate Pastor , Trinity English Lutheran Church , Fort Wayne, IN; The Rev. Pam Blankenship, Minister to Students and Families, St Paul's Waccamaw UMC, Pawleys Island, SC; The Rev. Calvin L. Blankinship, Jr., Pastor, Corpus Christi Roman Catholic Church, Fruitland, ID; The Rev. Joseph Blankinship, Pastor, Forest Hills Presbyterian Church, High Point, NC; The Rev. Daryl M. Blanksma, United Methodist Church , Seaside, OR; The Rev. Dr. Georjean Blanton, United Methodist Pastor, Director, PathWays, A Ministry of Spiritual Direction and Guidance, Dallas, TX; The Rev. Nils Blatz, The Church of the Redeemer (Episcopal), Mattituck, NY; The Rev. Dr. Jesse W. Bledsoe, Buffalo, NY; The Rev. Kathleen A. Bleyaert, Pastor, St. John's United Church of Christ, Waukegan, IL; The Rev. Donald K. Bleyle, United Methodist Clergy, Lakewood, CO; The Rev. Cliff Blinman, Tucson, AZ; The Rev. John Blinn, Retired United Methodist Pastor , Pueblo, CO; The Rev. John Bliss, Retired Episcopal Priest, Diocese of California, Westport, CT; The Rev. Bruce D. Blois, Rector, St. John's Episcopal Church, Keokuk, IA; Bishop Paul J. Blom, Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, Houston, TX; The Rev. Adam Blons, United Church of Christ, 1st Congregational Church, Berkeley, CA; The Rev. Dr. Karen Bloomquist, Director for Theology and Studies, The Lutheran World Federation, Geneva, Switzerland, (US citizen); The Rev. Barbara K. Bloxsom, Epiphany Episcopal Church, Sedan, KS; The Rev. Susan N. Blue, Rector , St. Margaret's Episcopal Church , Washington, DC; Paul Blume, Hanover Presbyterian Church, Hanover, IN; The Rev. Benjamin E. Blumel, Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.), Carrollton, OH; The Rev. Roy Blumhorst, Pastor Emeritus, St. Philip's Lutheran Church, Carmel, CA; The Rev. Kenneth C. Blyth, St. Mark's Lutheran Church (ELCA), Baldwinsville, NY; The Rev. Wayne T. Blythe, Alliance of Baptists, Chesapeake, VA; The Rev. Emmanuel Kofi Boakye-Yiadom, Pastor, Hunter's Chapel United Methodist Church &, Ghana United Methodist Community Church, Charlotte, NC; The Rev. Thomas Boates, Retired , United Church of Christ, Foxborough, MA; The Rev. Angela Boatright, The Episcopal Diocese of New York, Spring Valley, NY; The Rev. Dr. Donald Bobb, Presbyterian Church (USA), Austin, TX; The Rev. Luke Bocher, Pastor, First Congregational United Church of Christ, New London, WI; The Rev. Bonita Bock, Wartburg College West, Titled Faculty, Denver, CO; The Rev. Joseph M. Bocko, Ph.D., Reformation Evangelical Lutheran Church, Chicago, IL; The Rev. Canon Ian L. Bockus, Episcopalian, Prospect, ME; The Rev. Glynden Bode, United Methodist Church, Houston, TX; The Rev. Dr. Alison L. Boden, Dean, Rockefeller Memorial Chapel, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Paul J. Bodin, Pastor, Emanuel Lutheran Church, Modesto, CA; The Rev. J. Jermain Bodine, Ph.D., United Church of Warner (UCC, ABC), Warner, NH; The Rev. Willem Bodisco Massink, Retired Presbeterian Pastor (PCUSA), Deposit, NY; The Rev. Dwight J. Boe, ELCA, Boulder, CO; The Rev. Suzi Boeglin, Parents and Children Together, Inc. Arlington, TX; The Rev. Tim Boeglin, Pastor, Smithfield UMC, Fort Worth, TX; The Rev. Dr. Peter D. Boehringer, Zion Lutheran Church, Pittsfield, MA; The Rev. Gary Boen, First Lutheran Church - ELCA, Clarion, IA; Emery Boepple, Assistant Pastor, United Churches Fellowship-UCC, Nogales, AZ; Kerry Boese, Pastor, Zion-Kenneth Lutheran Churches, Adrian and Kenneth, MN; The Rev. J. Ronald Bogart, Retired, The United Methodist Church, Bloomington, IL; The Rev. Dr. William E. Bogholtz, Pastor, Our Saviour Lutheran Church, Staten Island, NY; The Rev. Benjamin P. Bogia, Ph.D., Retired , Presbyterian (USA), Princess Anne, MD; The Rev. Ron A. Bohannon, Willow Street United Church of Christ, Lampeter Church of the Brethren, Lancaster, PA; Pastor Kent Bohls, Gethsemane Lutheran , Austin, TX; Pastor Robert Karl Bohm, E. L. C. A., Fort Valley, VA; The Rev. Benjamin Bohnsack, Senior Pastor, Nardin Park United Methodist Church, Farmington Hills, MI; Dr. Ben Bohren, Christian Church (Disciples of Christ), San Francisco, CA; The Rev. Beverly M. Boke, First Universalist Society of Hartland, Unitarian Universalist, Hartland Four Corners, VT; The Rev. James E. Boler, Associate Minister, United Church of Christ, Sanibel, FL; Sandra R. Boler, Associate Minister, Sanibel Congregational United Church of Christ, Sanibel Island, FL; The Rev. Jan Bolerjack , Fall City United Methodist Church , Fall City, WA; The Rev. Judith D. Boli, Rector, St. Paul's Episcopal Church, Saginaw, MI; The Rev. William E. Bolin, Walkersville, MD; The Rev. Stephen M. Bolle, Associate Rector, St. Michael's Church, New York, NY; The Rev. Anne E. Bolles-Beaven, Associate, St. Andrew & Holy Communion, Maplewood, NJ; The Rev. Glenn E. Bollinger, Beaver Creek Church of the Brethren, Bridgewater, VA; The Rev. Richard A. Bollinger, D.Min., Presbyterian Church (USA), Littleton, CO; Mark S. Bollwinkel, Senior Pastor, Los Altos UMC, Los Altos, CA; The Rev. Russell A. Bolm, Retired Pastor, Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, Bertrand, NE; Jonathan Bolte, Lay Minister, St. Agnes Catholic Church, Nashville, IN; The Rev. Matthew Bolz-Weber, Pastor, Bethlehem Lutheran Church, Longmont, CO; The Rev. Herbert L. Bomberger, DCSW, LCSW, Retired, United Church of Christ, Dillsburg, PA; Pastor Charles R. Bomgren, Retired, Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, Issaquah, WA; The Rev. Alan B. Bond, Pastor Emeritus, The Federated Church of Rochester, Rochester, VT; The Rev. Dr. Barbara L. Bond, Rector, St. Paul's Episcopal Church, Lock Haven, PA; Dr. H. Lawrence Bond, United Methodist Church, Boone, NC; The Rev. W. Douglas Bond, Episcopal Diocese of Massachusetts, Cambridge, MA; The Rev. Dr. Michael H. Bone, The Community Church of Durham, NH (UCC), Nashua, NH; The Rev. Michael E. Bongart, Pastor, First United Presbyterian Church (USA), Mingo Junction, OH; The Rev Juliet Bongfeldt, Pastor , Lutheran Church of the Good Shepherd, Kingston, RI; The Rev. Jonathan J. Bonk, Ph.D., Executive Director, Overseas Ministries Study Center, Editor, International Bulletin of Missionary Research, Project Director, , Dictionary of African Christian Biography, New Haven, CT; The Rev. Normand Bonneau, OMI, Dean, Faculty of Theology, Saint Paul University, Ottawa, ON Canada, (US citizen); Dr. Dan Bonner, United Methodist Elder, President and Senior Strategist, The Center for Urban Congregational Renewal, Georgetown, TX; The Rev. Timothy D. Bonney, First Baptist Church, American Baptist Churches, USA, Des Moines, IA; The Rev. Anne B. Bonnyman, Trinity Episcopal Parish, Wilmington, DE; The Rev. Deacon Susan Bonsteel, The Episcopal Church of Christ the King, Stone Ridge, NY; The Rev. James K. Boodley, United Church of Christ, Wells College, Aurora, NY; The Rev. Charles Booker-Hirsch, Pastor, Presbyterian Church (USA), Northside Presbyterian Church, Ann Arbor, MI ; Dr. Thomas E. Boomershine, G. Ernest Thomas Distinguished Professor of Christianity and Communication , Professor of New Testament, United Theological Seminary, Dayton, OH; The Rev. Rawley Boone, First Presbyterian Church, Sidney, OH; The Rev. Stacy Boorn, Ebenezer Lutheran Church, San Francisco, CA; The Rev. Larry L. Booth , United Church of Christ , Interim, Presbytery of Northern Kansas, Colby, KS; The Rev. Dr. Sherre L. Boothman, MCC Austin, Austin, TX; The Rev. Patrick W. Boots, Retired ELCA clergy, Cortez, CO; The Rev. Alcena Boozer, St. Philip the Deacon Episcopal Church, Portland, OR; The Rev. Henry Borchardt, Retired, PC(USA), Pontiac, MI; The Rev. Judy Borchardt, Retired , PC(USA), Pontiac, MI; The Rev. Robert Suydam Borden , Presbyterian Church (USA), Keene, NH; Father Lou A. Bordisso, OC, EdD, San Francisco, CA; The Rev. Kenneth E. Bordner, Rector, St. Stephen's Episcopal Church, Rochester, NY; Deacon Phina Borgeson, Holy Family Episcopal Church., Rohnert Park, CA; The Rev. Dr. David Borglum, Alameda, CA; The Rev. Richard Borgstrom, Retired, Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, Woodbury, MN; The Rev. Fr. Mel Borham, O.F.C., New Church Inclusive Anglican Reform, Troy, NY; Thomas P. Borland, Pastor, Faith Presbyterian Church, Presbyterian Church U.S.A., Tallahassee, FL; The Right Rev. Frederick H. Borsch, Ph.D. Retired Episcopal Bishop of Los Angeles, Professor of New Testament and , Chair of Anglican Studies, Lutheran Theological Seminary at Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA; The Rev. Glenn L. Borreson, Admin. Pastor, Holmen Lutheran Church, Holmen, WI; The Rev. Dr. Audrey Borschel, Pastor, Central Christian Church, Christian Church (Disicples of Christ), Anderson, IN ; Deacon John E. Bortz, Sr., St. Mary Catholic Church, Chelmsford, MA; The Rev. Mark Bosco, S.J., Assistant Professor of Theology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL; The Rev. Ruth Bosch Becker, ELCA, Pittsburgh, PA; Dennis Bosley, Episcopal Church, Sweetwater, TX; Chaplain Michael Bostian, D. Min., BCC, Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, New Bern, NC; Frank M. Bostick, Retired United Methodist Minister, Maryville, TN; The Rev. Eric Bostrom, Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, Ceresco, Ithaca, and Davey, NE; The Rev. Dr.Kathleen Bostrom, Wildwood Presbyterian Church, Wildwood, IL; The Rev. Rhonda Bostrom, Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, Ceresco, Ithaca, and Davey, NE; The Rev. James Boswell, Pastor, Bellflower Christian Church (Disciples of Christ), Bellflower, IL; The Rev. Mary Gene Boteler, Presbyterian Church (USA), Zanesville, OH; The Rev. Joan J. Bott, Trinity Congregational Church, Fitchburg, MA; The Rev. Robert R. Bottoms, D.Min., United Church of Christ, Belleveu, OH; The Rev. Dr. Bruce P. Bouchard, Grace United Church of Christ, Hanover, PA; George R. Boudreau, O.P. , Assistant Professor of Hebrew Scriptures Aquinas Institute of Theology, St. Louis, MO; The Most Rev. Dr. Lorraine J. Bouffard, Bishop, Diocese of Connecticut, American Ecumenical Catholic Church, Hartford, CT; The Rev. Dorothy L. Boulton, PC(U.S.A.), Catonsville Presbyterian Church, Catonsville, MD; Matthew Myer Boulton, Pastor, Hope Church (UCC and DOC), Jamaica Plain, MA; Walter R. Bouman, Emeritus Professor of Systematic Theology, Trinity Lutheran Seminary, Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, Columbus, OH; The Rev. Shawna Renee Bound, Church of the Nazarene, Kansas City, MO; The Rev. Eugene Boutilier, Pastor , Mentone Congregational United Church of Christ, Claremont, CA; The Rev. Ramona S. Bouzard, Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, Campus Ministry, Wartburg College, Waverly, IA; The Rev. Dr. Walter C. Bouzard, Department of Religion and Philosophy, Wartburg College, Waverly, IA; James E. Bowden, Pastor, Covenant Presbyterian Church, Athens, GA; The Rev. John A. Bowe, Presbyterian, Lancaster, PA; The Rev. Emily S. Bowen, Brentwood Christian Church, Springfield, MO; The Rev. Canon George H. Bowen, Retired Episcopal Priest, Rutherford, NJ; The Rev. Deacon Polly M. Bowen, Episcopal Diocese of Western New York, East Aurora, NY; The Rev. Dr. Starr Bowen, Ph.D., Pastor, St. Paul United Methodist Church and, Director, Cleburne Hispanic Ministries, Cleburne, TX; The Rev. John A. Bower, St. Simon of Cyrene Episcopal Church, Cincinnati, OH; The Very Rev. Richard A. Bower, Dean Emeritus, St Paul's Cathedral, Syracuse, NY, Ludlow, VT; The Rev. Ellis T. Bowerfind, Rector, St. Luke’s Episcopal Church, Alexandria, VA; The Rev. Benjamin J. Bowers, Associate Pastor for Youth and Families, Jamestown United Methodist, Jamestown, NC; The Rev. James W. Bowers, Ph.D., Easton, PA ; Robert D. Bowers, United Methodist - Retired, Lacey, WA; David B. Bowie, D.Min., Pastor, Rice Memorial Presbyterian Church, Atlanta, GA; The Rev. Howard B. Bowlin, Rector, St. Matthew's Episcopal Church, Bloomington, IL; The Rev. Robert H. Bowlin, Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, Moline, IL; The Rev. Dr. Christopher Bowman, Church of the Brethren, Vienna, VA; The Rev. Cindy Bowman, Co-Pastor, First Presbyterian Church, Freehold, NJ; The Rev. David F. Bowman, Co-Pastor, First Presbyterian Church, Freehold, NJ; The Rev. Dr. Lee W. Bowman, First Presbyterian Church, Lexington, KY; The Most Rev. Dr. Robert M. Bowman, Presiding Archbishop , United Catholic Church, Melbourne, FL; The Rev. Shirley Mae Bowman, An Open Door Ministry, Phoenix, AZ; The Rev. Sue Bowman, Christian Church (Disciples of Christ), Greenfield, MA; The Rev. Bonnie Boyce, Minister, Shalom Presbyterian Church USA, Fort Atkinson, WI; The Rev. Bruce Boyce, Retired, Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, White Bear Lake, MN; The Rev. Peggi K. Boyce, Pastor, First Presbyterian Church of Antrim, Antrim, NH; The Rev. Barbara S. Boyd, Director of Outreach for Religious Studies, University of Oklahoma, Presbyterian Church U.S.A, Norman, OK; The Rev. Tom W. Boyd, David Ross Boyd Professor Emeritus of Philosophy and Professor of Religious Studies, University of Oklahoma, Presbyterian Church U.S.A, Norman, OK; The Rev. Winton Boyd, Orchard Ridge United Church of Christ, Madison, WI; The Rev. Dr. Barry C. Boyer, First Presbyterian Church, Chippewa Falls, WI; The Rev. Dr. Bryan Boyer, Church of the Brethren, Claremont, CA; The Rev. Dr. Geoffrey T. Boyer, Rector, St. Philip's Episcopal Church, Rochester, M; Father John Paul Boyer, M.Div., M.A. (Oxon.), Rector, St David's Episcopal Church, Bishop's Theologian, The Diocese of Western New York (Episcopal Church), West Seneca, NY; M. Christopher Boyer, Pastor, Good Shepherd Baptist Church, Lynnwood, WA; Pastor Kathleen Boyer-Visser, Gilead Lutheran Church (ELCA), Brunswick, NY; The Rev. George Anne Boyle, St. Thomas Episcopal Church , Medina, WA; The Rev. Marian Boyle, Moravian Church in North America, Cinnaminson, NJ; William P. Boyle , Retired Presbyterian Minister, Former Missionary and Pastoral Counselor, Black Mountain, NC; Mark Bozzuti-Jones, Interim Priest, Christ Church, Cambridge, MA; The Rev. Conrad A. Braaten, Senior Pastor, Lutheran Church of the Reformation (ELCA) , Washington, DC; The Rev. Dale Bracey, Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.), Sunnyvale, CA; The Rev. Joseph A. Bracken, S.J. , Retired Professor of Theology, Xavier University , Cincinnati, OH; The Rev. Thomas Brackett, St. George’s Episcopal Church, Asheville, NC; The Rev. Netha N. Brada, Priest-in-Charge, St. Matthew's-by-the-bridge Episcopal Church, Iowa Falls IA; The Rev. Paul D. Braden, Salem Lutheran Church, Bethlehem, PA; The Rev. Betty J. Bradford, United Methodist Church, Denver, CO; The Rev. Dr. Larry Bradford, Caledonia, MI; H. Cornell Bradley, S.J., Roman Catholic Campus Minister, Saint Joseph's University, Philadelphia, PA; The Rev. Dr. James Bradley, Rector , St. John's Episcopal Church, Waterbury, CT; The Rev. Joseph W. Bradley, MDiv., Clinical Chaplain, Mercy Medical Center, Springfield, MA; The Rev. Raymond H. Bradley, Jr., First Congregational Church of Warwick, United Church of Christ, Warwick, RI; The Rev. Kenneth R. Bradsell, Director of Operations and Support/Assistant Secretary, The Reformed Church in America, New York, NY; The Rev. Henry H. Bradshaw, Retired Pastor, First Congregational United Church of Christ, Rapid City, SD; The Rev. Ruth Wagner Bradshaw, Pastor, Shoreham Congregational United Church of Christ , Shoreham, VT; The Rev. Linda Christine Brady, United Church of Christ, Phoenix, AZ; The Rev. Diane W. Bragg, Rector , St. David's Episcopal Church, Salem, NH; The. Rev. David S. Brague, The Second Presbyterian Church PC(USA), Pittston, PA; The Rev. Gerry Brague, Chalice Christian Church (Disciples of Christ), San Carlos, CA; The Rev. Judith Brain, Pastor, Pilgrim United Church of Christ, Lexington, MA; The Rev. Lyn G. Brakeman, Episcopla priest, Pastoral Counselor and Spiritual Director, Gloucester, MA; The Rev. Cathie Fisher Braman, Pastor, Fredericksburg Congregational Church, UCC, Frederickbsurg, VA; The Rev. Walter R. Braman, Interim Pastor, Unitarian Universalist Church of Lancaster PA, Lancaster, PA; The Rev. Dr. W. W. Branch, Jr., General Presbyter, Presbytery of Arkansas, Little Rock, AR; Dale Brand, Gethsemane Lutheran Church, San Antonio, TX; Dr. George H. Brand, Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA), Leonia, NJ; Rick Brand, Pastor, First Presbyterian Church of Henderson, NC, Henderson, NC; The Rev. Arthur Brandenburg, Retired, Philadelphia PA; The Rev. Marilyn Brandenburg, Bainbridge Island, WA; Pat Brandenburg, Elder, Southside Presbyterian Church, Tucson, AZ; Pastor Fred Brandenfels, Disciples of Christ , Eugene, OR; The Rev. James F. Brandis STM,BCC, Corporate Chaplain, Shepherd of the Valley, Niles, OH ; The Rev. Ruth M. Brandon, United Church of Christ, 2nd Congregational, Westfield, MA; Arlan H. Brandt, Retired, ELCA, Safety Harbor, FL; The Rev. Brian E. Brandt, Ph.D., Central Lutheran Church - ELCA, Portland, OR; The Rev. Joel Brandt, Pastor , Holy Trinity Lutheran Church ELCA, Livonia, MI and, Assistant Professor of Pastoral Ministry, Ecumenical Theological Seminary, Detroit, MI; The Rev. Dr. K. Edward Brandt, Red Clay Creek Presbyterian Church, Wilmington, DE; Samuel Brannon, Senior Seminarian, Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, Austin, TX; Raymond P. Branstiter, Pastor, Tri-County Ministry, Trinity Lutheran Church (ELCA), Cooperstown, ND; Cornelius F. Brantley, Jr., Pastor, Table Rock Charge United Methodist Church, Morganton, NC; The Rev. Lowery M. Brantley, Senior Pastor, Wesley Monumental United Methodist Church, Savannah, GA; The Rev. Dr. Robert L. Brashear, Pastor, West-Park Presbyterian Church, New York, NY; The Rev. Wayne H. Brass, Park United Church of Christ, Toledo, OH; The Rev. James Brassard, Pastor, Christian Community Presbyterian Church, Bowie, MD; The Rev. Morris H. Bratton, Retired Methodist Clergy, Kingsland, TX; Sister Claudia Rae Braun, Chaplain, Jerome, ID; The Rev. David Braun, United Methodist Church, Bellevue, WA; The Rev. Kay Braun, St. Petri-Hope Lutheran, Philadelphia, PA; The Rev. Arnd Braun-Storck, Zion Lutheran Church, Jersey City, NJ; The Rev. Dr. Bob Brauninger, United Church of Christ, Burwell, NE; Robert L. Brawley, Presbyterian Church USA, Albert G. McGaw Professor of New Testament, McCormick Theological Seminary, Chicago, IL; The Rev. Dr. Beth Braxton, Burke Presbyterian Church, Burke, VA; Pastor Alan Bray, First Lutheran Church, St. Peter, MN; The Rev. Bradford Nelson Bray, All Saints Lutheran Church, E.L.C.A., Lees Summit, MO; The Rev. Rosemary Bray McNatt , Fourth Universalist Society , Unitarian Universalist , New York, NY; The Rev. Susan Brecht, Community Church of Atascadero, United Church of Christ, Atascadero, CA ; The Rev. Elaine H. Breckenridge, Rector , St. David's Episcopal Church, Spokane, WA; J. Hollis Bredeweg, MDiv, MA, Ordained Standing in the UCC, Spokane, WA; The Rev. Peter Bredlau, Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, Allentown, PA; The Rev. Dr. Donald Bredthauer, United Methodist, Omaha, NE; The Rev. Cindy Ford Breed, M.Div., BCC, ELCA Chaplain - Lutheran Chaplaincy Outreach, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA; The Rev. Mary Schrom Breese, Director of Resident Services, The Living Community of St. Joseph, St. Joseph, MO; The Rev. Sidney S. Breese, Episcopal/Anglican, Christ Episcopal Church, St. Joseph, MO; Carolyn Breihan, Deacon, Los Altos United Methodist Church, Long Beach, CA; The Rev. Robert E. Breihan, Retired United Methodist Clergy, Staff of New Life Institute Counseling Center, Austin, TX; The Rev. Blake Breitenhirt, Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.), Saint Simons Island, GA; The Rev. Diane B. Brelsford, Episcopal Diocese of Olympia, Seattle, WA; The Rev. Dr. Rolf V. Brende, D. Min., B.C.C., Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, Director of Pastoral Care, North Colorado Medical Center, Banner Health, Greeley, CO; The Rev. Robert G. Brennan, Jr., Mt. Nebo United Methodist Church, Boonsboro, MD; The Rev. Michael J. Brenneis, Ph.D., Priest, The Episcopal Diocese of Virginia, Assistant Professor of Pastoral Care and, Counseling, Earlham School of Religion, Richmond, IN; The Rev. Jeannine Brenner, Conestoga United Methodist Church, Conestoga, PA; The Rev. Thomas Brenner, Chaplain, United Church of Christ/Florida Conference, Cape Coral, FL; The Rev. Kathryn Brenson, Unity Church of Modesto, Modesto, CA; The Rev. James C. Bresnahan, Retired, Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, Manlius, NY; The Rev. Linda K. Brewer, Chaplain, Community Nursing Services Hospice, Salt Lake City, UT; The Rev. Richard F. Brewer, Episcopalian, Brooklyn, NY; The Rev. Deacon Helen L. Brewster, St. Aidan's Episcopal Church, Ann Arbor, MI; The Rev. Roy Brewton, Retired, Presbyterian Church (USA), Wilmington, NC; The Rev. Steven P. Brey, Ph.D., The United Methodist Church, Assistant Professor of Religion and Chair, Department of Philosophy and Religion, Methodist College, Fayetteville, NC; The Rev. Loranell R Breyley, Evangelical Lutheran Church In America, Portage, MI; The Rev. Elizabeth Brick, St. Andrew's United Methodist Church, Sacramento, CA; The Rev. James Park Bricker, Trinity Lutheran Church, McAlisterville, PA; The Rev. Larry Brickner-Wood , United Church of Christ, Chaplain and Executive Director, The United Campus Ministry to UNH, Durham, NH; Valerie Bridgeman Davis, Ph.D., Assistant Professor, Homiletics and Worship, Instructor, Hebrew Bible, Memphis Theological Seminary, Memphis, TN; The Rev. Jim Bridges, Minister, Unitarian Universalist Congregation at Rock Tavern, Rock Tavern, NY; The Rev. Penelope M. Bridges, Rector, St Francis Episcopal Church, Great Falls, VA; The Rev. Peter W. Bridgford, Retired Episcopal Priest, Buffalo, NY; The Rev. Richard O. Bridgford, Episcopal Priest, Rector, Church of the Epiphany, Norfolk, VA; Pastor Don R. Bridinger, First Lutheran Church, Findlay, OH; Pastor Nicholas Brie, Trinity Evangelical Lutheran Church (ELCA), Taneytown, MD; The Rev. Jeff Briere, UU Church of Chattanooga, Chattanooga, TN; Pastor Cal Briggs-Harris, Faith UMC, S. Burlington VT; The Rev. Richard D. Brigham, Rector, St. Andrew's In-the-Pines Episcopal Church, Peachtree City, GA; The Rev. A. Allen Brindisi, Davidson College Presbyterian Church, Davidson, NC; The Rev. Blake E. Brinegar, Presbyterian Chuch (USA), Crockett, TX; The Rev. James Briney, United Church of Christ, Medford, WI; The Rev. Carol A. Brink, United Church of Christ, Wrentham, MA; The Rev. Nancy E. Brink, Christian Church (Disciples of Christ), Omaha, NE; The Rev. W. Paul Brinkman, Pastor, Emmanuel Lutheran Church, Seymour, WI; The Rev. Elizabeth Brishcar, Presbyterian Church (USA), Winchester, VA; H. Cowles Bristol, III, Statesville, NC; Dr. Thomas Ray Bristol, Retired, Christian Church (Disciples of Christ), Garland, TX; Dr. John Temple Bristow, Country Homes Christian Church , Disciples of Christ, Spokane, WA; The Rev. Donald E. Britt, 1st Congregational Church, United Church of Christ, Princeton, MN; The Rev. Benjamin Broadbent, First Congregational United Church of Christ, Colorado Springs, CO; The Rev. W. Matthew Broadbent, Foothills Congregational Church, United Church of Christ, Los Altos, CA; Arthur G. Broadhurst, Ordained Minister, United Church of Christ, Orange Park, FL ; The Rev. Collette Broady Preiss, Bethlehem Evangelical Lutheran Church, Chicago, IL; The Rev. Helen Brock, China Spring, TX; The Rev. Lillie Brock, Regional Elder, Metropolitan Community Churches, Farmers Branch, TX; The Rev. Theodore L. Brock, Retired United Methodist Minsiter, Escondido, CA; Pastor Frank Brocker, Retired , Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, Sunriver, OR; The Rev. Janet Roberge Brocklesby, St. Andrew's Episcopal Church, Lincoln Park, NJ; The Rev. Bennett A. Brockman, Ph.D., Rector, St. Paul's Episcopal Church, Fairfield, CT; The Rev. Allan Brockway, PhD, Retired, United Methodist Church, St. Petersburg, FL; Fr. Jerry Brohl, OCF, Franciscan Priest, United Catholic Church, Wyandotte, MI; The Rev. Robert Brohm, Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, El Granada, CA; The Rev. Louise Brokaw, Presbyterian Church (USA), General Presbyter, Presbytery of Lake Huron , Saginaw, MI ; The Rev. Prof. Harold R. Bronk, Jr., Interim Rector, St. Eustace Church , Lake Placid, NY , and retired professor of Philosophy and Study of Religion, University of Massachusetts, Boston, Boston, MA; The Rev. Dr. James A. Bronwell , Interim Pastor, Union Congregational Church, (The United Church of Christ), Groton, MA; The Rev. James E. Brooking, West Kauai United Methodist Church, Kekaha, HI; The Rev. Brad Brookins, Zwingli United Church of Christ, Mt. Vernon, WI; The Rev. David M. Brookman, Ph.D., Pastor, First Presbyterian Church, Princeton, IN; The Rev. Jennifer J.S. Brooks , Second Congregational Meeting House Society , Unitarian Universalist ("South Church"), Nantucket, MA; The Rev. Jerry Brooks, Priest-in-Charge, Christ Episcopal Church, Marlboro, NY; Dr. Joe W. B. Brooks, Interim Pastor, First Presbyterian Church, Rock Hill, SC; Pastor Julie Brooks, ELCA (Evangelical Lutheran Church in America), Erie, CO; Fr. Richard S. Brooks , Episcopal Church of the Epiphany , Concordia, KS; The Rev. Robert T. Brooks, Grace Episcopal Church, Providence, RI ; The Rev. Roger Brooks, Plymouth United Church of Christ, Milwaukee, WI; Terry L. Brooks, Coordinator for Reference and Referral, Cooperative Baptist Fellowship of SC, Columbia, SC; The Rev. Dr. James Brooks-McDonald, St. Stephen's Episcopal Church, Schenectady, NY; The Rev. Viki Brooks-McDonald, Campus Protestant Minister and Interfaith Chaplain , Union College, Schenectady, NY ; The Rev. Steven E. Broome, Pastor, Our Redeemer Lutheran Church (ELCA), McMurray, PA; The Very Rev. Dr. Ann J. Broomell, Dean, Trinity Episcopal Cathedral, Easton, MD; The Rev. Dr. James Brooks-McDonald, St. Stephen’s Episcopal Church, Schenectady, NY; The Rev. Helen Weston Bross , Associate Pastor, Evangelical Congregational Church, UCC, Westborough, MA; The Rev. Mary Louise Broucht, Episcopal Deacon, Lancaster, PA; The Rev. Byron E. Brought, Friendship United Methodist Church, Friendship, MD; Byron P. Brought, Senior Pastor, Calvary United Methodist Church, Annapolis, MD; The Rev. Warren L. Broughton, Pastor, Trinity Lutheran Church, ELCA, Laporte, MN; Dennis Brovold, Retired Pastor of the ELCA, Bemidji, MN; The Rev. Donald M. Brower, Retired, Presbyterian Church U.S.A., Holland, MI; The Rev. A. Michael Brown, Presbyterian Church(USA), Vancouver, WA; Alan S. Brown, Retired Clergy, United Methodist Church, Lancaster, PA; The Rev. Clark M. Brown, Pastor, St. Timothy Lutheran Church, Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, Monterey, CA; Pastor Dale D. Brown, Retired, Battle Creek, MI; The Rev. Daniel B. Brown, The Episcopal Center, Univesity of Georgia, Athens, GA; The Rev. Dr. David C. Brown, Pastor , Dubbs Memorial United Church of Christ, Allentown, PA ; The Rev. David Wesley Brown, Elder , United Methodist Church, Philadelphia, PA; Pastor Donald E. Brown, First Presbyterian Church, North Haledon, NJ; The Rev. Donald S. Brown, Retired Presbyterian Mnister, Denver, CO; The Rev. Donna M. Brown, Pastor, St. John’s Ev. Lutheran Church, ELCA, West Milwaukee, WI; The Rev. Douglas Brown, Pastor , Bonner Springs United Methodist Church, Bonner Springs, KS; The Rev. Dr. Duane R. Brown, Pastor, Evangelical Congregational Church , United Church of Christ, Grafton, MA; The Rev. Esther P. Brown, Hardwick, VT; Frank Burch Brown, Frederick Doyle Kershner Professor of Religion and the Arts, Christian Theological Seminary, Indianapolis, Disciples of Christ/Presbyterian, Indianapolis, IN; The Rev. Dr. Frank M. Brown, Mankato, MN; The Rev. George D. Brown, Retired, The Christian Church (Disciples of Christ), Julian, CA; The Rev. Jacqualine L. Brown, Retired , United Church of Christ, Claremont, CA; The Rev. Dr. John G. Brown, III, The United Methodist Church, Westport, CT; The Rev. Jon K Brown, Retired, United Methodist Church, Boise, ID; Kark W. Brown, Retired Campus Minister , Texas State University, United Methodist, San Marcos, TX; The Rev. Kathy E. Brown, Hastings First United Methodist Church, Hastings, MI; The Rev. Keith I. Brown, Retired , Muskingum Valley Presbytery, First Presbyterian Church, Wooster, OH; The Rev. Dr. Ken Brown, District Executive, Pacific Southwest District/UUA, Studio City, CA; The Rev. Larry Brown, United Methodist Church, Lancaster, OH; Br. Mark Brown, SSJE, Society of Saint John the Evangelist (Episcopal), Cambridge, MA; The Rev. Michael Brown, Pastor, Christ Church Presbyterian, Burlington, VT; The Rev. Michael W. Brown, Universalist Unitarian Church, Peoria, IL; The Rev. Mitchell Brown, Evanston Mennonite Church, Evanston, IL; The Rev. Nancy E. Brown, Rector, St. Paul's Episcopal Church, Lancaster, CA; The Rev. Nancy L.H. Brown, Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, Northfield, MN; The Rev. Nathan Brown, Christian Church (Disciples of Christ), Portsmouth, VA; The Rev. Raymond Brown, Retired Minister, United Church of Christ, Selinsgrove, PA; The Rev. Richard L. Brown, Retired, United Church of Christ, Claremont, CA; The Rev. Roy F. Brown, Missioner to the Deaf, Diocese of Massachusetts, Boston, MA; The Rev. Sally Brown, Board Certified Clinical Chaplain, United Church of Christ, Palo Alto, CA; The Rev. Dr. Stephen Brown, United Church (UCC), Mt. Sterling, OH; The Rev. Tisha Brown, Pastor , Community of Hope UCC, Madison, WI; The Rev Tom Brown, Retired Minister, Presbyterian Church USA, Pensacola, FL; The Rev. W. Noel Brown, Chaplain Supervisor , Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Chicago, IL; The Rev. Virginia Brown, Rivendell Community (Episcopal), Dunnegan, MO; William P. Brown, Professor of Old Testament, Columbia Theological Seminary, Presbyterian Church (USA), Decatur, GA; William P. Brown, Presbyterian Church (USA), Rocky Mount, NC; The Rev. Robin C. Brown-Haithco, American Baptist Churches, USA, Atlanta, GA; The Rev. Virginia A. Brown-Nolan, St. Luke's Episcopal Church, Washington, DC; The Rev. Jim Browne, Hilliard Presbyterian Church, Hilliard, OH; The Rev. Linda Browne, Chaplain/Director of Spiritual Life, Salemtowne, a Moravian Retirerment Community, Winston-Salem-Salem, NC; The Rev. Robert O. Browne, Presbyterian Church (USA), Albuquerque, NM; Jennifer Garrison Brownell, Associate Pastor, Magnolia United Church of Christ , Seattle, WA ; Don Browning, Alexander Campell Professor Emeritus of Ethics and the Social Sciences, Divinity School, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Jim Browning , CPE Supervisor , Bethany Village Rtr Community , Mechanicsburg, PA; The Rev. Tracy M. Browning, St. Paul's Episcopal Church, The Dalles, OR; The Rev. Dr. Joseph W. Brownrigg, Retired , United Methoist Church, La Quinta, CA; The Rev. Dr. John Brownsberger , Senior Minister, Edinburg United Church of Christ , Ravanna, OH; Dr. Edward Brubaker, Presbyterian (U.S.A.), Kennett Square, PA; The Rev. Natasha Brubaker, Assistant Rector, Christ Church Episcopal, Glen Allen, VA; Mary Peter Bruce, SL, Loretto Community (Sisters of Loretto and Co-members), New York, NY; Robert G. Bruce, Interim Pastor, Round Rock Presbyterian Church, Round Rock, TX; The Rev. Janice Bruchhauser Levra, Anchorage Center for Spiritual Practices, Anchorage, AK; The Rev. Eugene V. Brueggemann, Retired, Lutheran Church--Missouri Synod, St. John's Lutheran Church, Fort Collins, CO; The Rev. Walter Brueggemann, Professor Emeritus, Columbia Theological Seminary, Decauter, GA; Pastor Bill Bruehl, Retired, Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, Ashtabula, OH; Chaplain Harry Bruen, United Presbyterian USA, Seymour, TN; The Rev. Richard Bruesehoff, Director for Leadership Support, ELCA, Chicago, IL; The Rev. Dr. Libby Brueseke, Retired, United Church of Christ, Owensville, MO; The Rev. Dr. Donald J. Bruggink, Reformed Church in America, Holland, MI; Pastor Carl Bruihler, First Lutheran Church, Hayward, WI; The Rev. Laurie Hiller Brumbaugh, Seaford Presbyterian Church, Seaford, DE; The Rev. Dr. H. Lee Brumback, II, St. Mary's Evangelical Lutheran Church (ELCA), Westminster, MD; The Rev. Janne Suggs Brumbelow, Pastor, First Presbyterian Church, Littlefield, TX and, Associate Executive Presbyter, Palo Duro Presbytery, Lubbock, TX; The Rev.Wesley L. Brun, D.Min., L.P.C., Executive Director, Samaritan Counseling Center of Southeastern Michigan, United Methodist Minister , Farmington Hills, MI; The Rev. Richard E. Bruner, Retired United Methodist Pastor, California/Nevada Conference UMC, Hesperia, CA; The Rev. Kevin Brunk, Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.), Bedford, VA; The Rev. Dr. Thomas L. Brunkow, Senior Pastor, Woodside United Methodist Church, Silver Spring, MD; The Rev. David D. Brunner, DMin, Rochester Mennonite Church, Rochester, MN; The Rev. Robert D. Bruso, St. Anthony di Padua Catholic Church, Fitchburg, MA; The Rev. Dr. Tim Bruster, Senior Pastor, First United Methodist Church, Fort Worth, TX; Susan M. Bruttell, Seminarian Intern, St. Paul's Episcopal Church, Wallingford, CT; The Rev. Charles A. Bryan, Episcopal Diocese of Western North Carolina, Asheville, NC; The Rev. Jonathan Bryan, Retired Priest, Episcopal Diocese of Virginia, Alexandria, VA; The Rev. Thomas W. Bryan , St. John's Lutheran Church, Eau Claire, WI; The Rev. Dr. Daniel E. H. Bryant , Senior Minister , First Christian Church, (Disciples of Christ), Eugene, OR; The Rev. Frederick J. Bryant, Jr., Pastor, Trinity Lutheran Church, Jersey City, NJ; The Rev. Howard A. Bryant, Senior Interim Pastor, First Presbyterian Church Rahway, Rahway, NJ; The Rev. Jack D. Bryant, Minister, Hope Unitarian Church, Tulsa, OK; The Rev. Dr. Robert H. Bryant, UCC Seminary Professor (Retired), Sarasota, FL; The Rev. Paul Bryant-Smith, First Congregational United Church of Christ, River Edge, NJ; The Rev. Herbert Brynildsen, United Methodist Church, Annandale, VA; The Rev, Sally L. Bub, Holy Nativity Episcopal Church, Kinnear, WY; The Rev. Dean W. Bucalos, Douglass Boulevard Christian Church, (Disciples of Christ), Louisville, KY; Loris Buccola, Roman Catholic Deacon, Silverton, OR; The Rev. J. Thomas Buchanan, Prince of Peace Lutheran Church, Alpharetta, GA; John M. Buchanan, Pastor, Fourth Presbyterian Church, Chicago, IL; The Rev. Dr. Kevin B. Buchanan, Interim Pastor, Presbyterian Church (USA), Windsor Presbyterian Church, Santa Rosa, CA; David M. Buchenroth, Pastor, Galilee Lutheran Church (ELCA) , Russells Point, OH; The Rev. Lois A. Bucher, First Congregational United Church of Christ, Elgin, IL; The Rev. Lois S. Buchiane, United Church of Christ, Charlemont, MA; The Rev. Byron Lee Buck, United Presbyterian Church (USA), Washington, DC; The Rev. David E. Buck, Church of the Nativity, Episcopal Church in the USA, Raleigh, NC; The Rev. Martha Buck, St. James Episcopal Church, Monterey, CA; The Rev. Judy Buck-Glenn, Christ Church Episcopal, Ridley Park, PA; The Rev. Richard L. Buckingham, M.R.E., Deacon, Christian Educator, St. Paul's United Methodist Church, Kensington, MD; The Rev. Jack Buckley, Pastor, First Presbyterian Church [PC(USA)], Alameda, CA; Jane Buckley-Farlee, Senior Pastor, Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, Minneapolis, MN; Anita Smith Buckwalter, Pastor , First Church of the Brethren , Lansing, MI; The Rev. Dr. Georgine Buckwalter, Episcopal Priest and Director of Pastoral Care, St. Luke's Chapel, Episcopal Church Home, Louisville, KY; The Rev. Daniel Budd, First Unitarian Church, Cleveland, OH; The Rev. Mariann Edgar Budde, St. John's Episcopal Church, Minneapolis, MN; The Rev. Esar Budhu, East Orange, NJ; The Rev. Kimberly Buechner Fouse, Minister in Other Service, Presbytery of Cincinnati, Cold Spring, KY; The Rev. William Buehler, The Independent and Liberal Catholic Church of Antioch (Malabar Rite), Diocese of the Southwest, Crestone, CO; The Rev. Gwen L. Buehrens, Episcopal Priest, Needham, MA; The Rev. John A. Buehrens, Minister , First Parish in Needham, MA, Past President, Unitarian Universalist Association, Needham, MA; The Rev. Samuel J. Buehrer, First United Church of Christ, Galion, OH; The Rev. Dr. Harvey R. Buer, Pastor, First Congregational United Church of Christ , Bellevue, WA; The Rev. John A. Buerk, Retired, Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, Buffalo, NY ; The Rev. Jeff Buettner , Sinai, SD; Pastor Lispeth Ann Buettner, Martin Luther Lutheran Church, Chicago, IL ; Paul R. Buettner, Pastor, Martin Luther Lutheran Church, Chicago, IL; The Rev. Donald Buggert, O. Carm., Professor of Systematic Theology, Washington Theological Union, Washington, DC; The Rev. Leonetta Bugleisi, Paint Creek Unitarian Universalist Congregation, Rochester, MI; The Rev. Richard Buhrer, St. Paul's Episcopal Church, Diocese of Olympia, Seattle, WA; The Rev. Sam Buice, St. Peters Episcopal Church, Savannah, GA; The Rev. Dr. Lynn Bujnak, United Church of Christ, Cleveland, OH; The Rev. Dr. Crystal C. Bujol, The First Woman's Church in the City of the Angels, Los Angeles, CA; The Rev. C.R. Bukala, S.J., John Carroll University, Cleveland, OH; The Rev. Elaine M. Buker, Lillian, AL ; The Rev. John E. Buker, Retired , West Michigan Conference, United Methodist Church, Lillian AL; The Rev. Sara Ann Bull, Pastor, Presbyterian Church (USA), Okeechobee Presbyterian Church, Okeechobee, FL; Gary L. R. Bullard, Sr., Senior Pastor, Mount Pleasant Presbyterian Church, Mount Pleasant, SC; The Rev. Mary M. Bullis, United Methodist Church, Phoenix, AZ; The Rev. Margaret Bullitt-Jonas, Ph.D., Priest Associate, Grace Episcopal Church, Amherst, MA; The Rev. Barbara Bullock, United Church of Christ, Alleman, IA; Ruthann Bullock, Director of Christian Education, Congregational United Church of Christ, Buena Vista, CO; Dr. Alfred Buls, Retired, Evangelical Lutheran Church in America , Timonium, MD; The Rev. Daris Bultena, Good Shepherd Presbyterian Church, Joppatowne, MD; The Rev. Cynthia S. Bumb, Pastor, Pilgrim Congregational United Church of Christ, St. Louis, MO; The Rev. Pat Bumgardner, Pastor, Metropolitan Community Church, New York, NY; The Rev. James Bump, Trinity Living Waters Community Lutheran Church, Waupaca, WI; The Rev. Dr. James Bundy, Pastor, Sojourners United Church of Christ, Charlottesville, VA; The Rev. Larry V. R. Bunnell, Klamath Falls, OR; The Rev. Anthony F. Buquor, Rector, Trinity Episcopal Church, Concord, MA; Dotty Burcaw, Chaplain , Moravian Hall Square, Nazareth, PA; Bishop James H. Burch, The Catholic Diocese of One Spirit, Clifton, VA; The Rev. Sharon P. Burch, Ph.D., American Baptist Seminary of the West, First Baptist Church of Berkeley, San Rafael, CA; The Rev. John Burciaga, Unitarian Universalist, Phoenix, AZ; The Rev. Edward N. Burdick, Retired, The Episcopal Church, Newark, OH; The Rev. Raymond C. Burdick, Transfiguration Lutheran Church (ELCA), Pottstown, PA; The Rev. Jesse Hugh Burgess, III , Walla Walla, WA; Ruth M. Burgess, Minister, Broad Street United Methodist Church, Portsmouth, VA; The Rev. Terry Burke, Minister , First Church in Jamaica Plain , Unitarian Universalist, Boston, MA; Fr. William C Burkert, Pastor, St. Roman Parish, Milwaukee, WI; C. Thomas Burkhardt, Christian Church (Disciples of Christ), Des Moines, IA; The Rev. E. Robert Burkhart, Jr., St. John's Church E.L.C.A., Mohnton, PA; The Rev. Kathleen Burkheimer, Trinity Evangelical Lutheran Church, ELCA, Millegeville, IL; The Rev. Connie R. Burkholder, Northern Plains District Executive, Church of the Brethren, Ankeny, IA; The Rev. Dr. John R. Burkholder, Professor Emeritus of Religion, Goshen College, Goshen, IN; The Rev. Jim Burklo, Pastor, Sausalito Presbyterian Church, Sausalito, CA; Paul Burks, United Methodist Minister, Santa Rosa, CA; The Rev. George A. Burn, Institutional Chaplain, State College, PA; The Rev. Karen Kartsimas Burnard, St. Andrew's Episcopal Church, Pickerington, OH; The Rt. Rev. Joe Goodwin Burnett, Bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Nebraska, Omaha, NE; The Rev. Dr. Bruce P. Burnham, United Church of Christ, Alfred, ME; The Rev. Jeffrey V. Burnoski, Lutheran (ELCA), North Branch, MN; The Rev. Christa Fuller Burns, Faith Presbyterian Church, Baltimore, MD; The Rev. David Burns, Atlanta, GA; The Rev. John P. Burns, Senior Pastor, University Baptist Church, College Park, MD; The Rev. Susan C. Burns, Rector, The Episcopal Church of the Redeemer, Bethesda, MD; The Rev. Bruce Burnside, ELCA, Madison, WI; Pastor John Burow, Hospital Chaplain, ELCA, Lansing, MI; The Rev. Dr. Amanda J. Burr, Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) and , The United Methodist Church, Hemet, CA; Dr. Michael Burr, Pastor, Koinonia Church (American Baptist/Church of the Brethren), Grand Junction, CO; David Burrell, C.S.C., Hesburgh Professor in Philosophy and Theology, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN ; The Rev. Dr. Suzanne B. Burris, United Church of Christ, Stanton, NE; The Rev. Paul I. Burrow, Oskaloosa, IA; The Rev. D. Melvin Burrowes, Pastor , United Church of Christ, Canterbury, NH; The Rev. M. Muriel Burrows, Pastor, Witherspoon Street Presbyterian Church, Princeton, NJ; Carolyn H. Burrus, MDiv, Hospice Chaplain, United Methodist Church, Chapel Hill, NC; The Rev. Dr. Steven E. Burt, Broadview Community Church (UCC), Hartford, CT; The Rev. Christopher C. Burtnett, Schleswig United Church of Christ, Schleswig, IA; The Rev. Jack Burton, Retired, The United Methodist Church, Oklahoma City, OK; The Rev. John Burton, Retired, United Methodist, Reidsville, NC; Laurel Arthur Burton, Th.D., University Chaplain, DePauw University, Senior Minister , Gobin Memorial United Methodist Church, Greencastle, IN ; The Rev. Robert H. Burton, Muncie, IN; The Rev. Taylor W. Burton-Edwards, Fishers, IN; The Rev. Sue Burwell, Monona United Methodist Church, Monona, WI; The Rev. Wesley Burwell, D.Min., The United Church of Christ, Exeter, NH; Glenn E. Busch, Rector, St. Mary’s Episcopal Church, High Point, NC; Fr. Robert A. Busch, Ph.D., Roman Catholic Diocese of Amarilo, Amarillo, TX; The Rev. Dr. Elliott J. Bush, Lake Geneva United Methodist Church, Lake Geneva, WI; John C. Bush, Interim Pastor, First Presbyterian Church, Birmingham, AL; The Rev. Karen Bush, UCC Campus Minister at the University of Illinois, Champaign, IL; The Rev. Robert I. Bush, Retired, North Texas Conference, United Methodist Church, Paris, TX; The Rev. Terry L. Bushart, Riviera United Methodist Church, Redondo Beach, CA; The Rev. Mary A. Bushong, Greater Leipsic Multi-Site Parish, Leipsic, OH; The Rev. David C. Buss, Tucson, AZ; The Rev. Gerald D. Buss, Retired, Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, Hiawatha, KS; The Rev. Dr. Joy K Bussert, ELCA, Immanuel Lutheran Church, St. Paul, MN; The Rev. John Beverley Butcher, Priest, Episcopal Diocese of California, Menlo Park, CA; The Rev. Deacon Kenneth Butcher, Episcopal Diocese of Colorado, Pueblo, CO; The Rev. Amy Butler, Senior Pastor, Calvary Baptist Church, Washington, DC; Pastor Charles O. Butler, Retired, United Methodist Church, Rochester, MN; The Rev. Dr. David Butler, United Presbyterian Church, Rice Lake, WI; The Rev. Dr. David W. Butler, Retired Missionary Pastor, United Methodist, Hermitage, TN; The Rev. Gerald A. "Rusty" Butler, Eureka, IL; The Rev. J. Craig Butler, Pastor, First Presbyterian Church (PCUSA), Marietta, OH; The Rev. K. Wayne Butler, United Methodist Church, Penn Yan, NY; The Rev. Linda M. Butler, United Methodist Church, Newton, IA; Sister Loretta Butler, O.P., Catholic Religious, St. Louis, MO; The Rev. Mark H. Butler, Christ Church Parish, Babylon, NY; The Rev. Grahame Butler-Nixon, Retired, Episcopal Church, Columbia, SC; The Rev. Clare Butterfield, Director, Faith in Place, Chicago, IL; The Rev. John D. Buttrick, Western Association Minister, Illinois Conference , United Church of Christ, Peoria, IL; The Rev. Jeffrey J. Butz, S.T.M., Adjunct Instructor of World Religions , Pennsylvania State University, Pastor, Grace Lutheran Church (ELCA), Nazareth, PA; The Rev. Albert G. Butzer, III, Pastor, Providence Presbyterian Church, Fairfax, VA; Todd Buurstra, D.Min., Pastor of Worship and Witness, North Branch Reformed Church, Bridgewater, NJ; Pastor Dennis M. Bux, Gloria Dei Lutheran Church, Auburn Hills, MI; The Rev. Jon J. Buxton, Moscow United Methodist Church, Moscow, PA; The Rev. Leonard S. Buxton, United Methodist, Lake Ariel, PA; Ronald P. Byars, Professor of Preaching and Worship, Union Theological Seminary and Presbyterian School of Christian Education, Richmond, VA; The Rev. Dr. Jason Byassee, Assistant Editor, Christian Century, Chicago IL; The Rev. David M. Byerly, Liberty Valley Lutheran Parish - ELCA, Liberty, PA; The Rev. Mark H. Byers, Associate Vicar, St. Ives' Episcopal Church, Arlington, VA; The Rev. Patricia Tiffany Byers, Shelby, NC; The Rev. Julian L. Byrd, Retired, The Texas Conference, The United Methodist Church, Career Hospital Chaplain and ACPE Supervisor, Houston, TX; The Rev. Dr. Brian C. Byrne, East Congregational United Church of Christ, Grand Rapids, MI; The Rev. William J. Byron, S.J., Research Professor, Loyola College in Maryland, Baltimore, MD

cyborg
23rd January 2006, 03:50 AM
This is an obvious contradiction if you ask me. Scripture says clearly God made man in his image. This tells me absolutely no way is Darwins theory valid.
Or it tells you that your interpretation of the Bible is not valid.

Ooh! Ooh! Can I try?

By 'image' Yahweh was clearly referring to DNA, which is of course the encoding data that determines the 'image' of an organism. So when he says man was made in his image he means he seeded the first DNA, i.e. the abiogenesic act, that led to our evolution.

wastepanel
23rd January 2006, 01:47 PM
I can make the argument that evolution exists in the Bible. God created all creatures, then created man. Now, if God were to create creatures in some resemblence of order, then man would be last. Hence, God would have created the smallest, simplest creatures first, and used them to create more and more complex creatures.

BTW, I am Christian and I accept evolution. Accepting both is not an issue. I saw a very good quote on the subject this weekend when a preacher said (strangely enough on Nickelodeon) "I believe God created the Universe. That is a statement of faith. Science lets me understand how He created it."

Unfortunately, everything boils down to the point that neither science or religion can give a complete explanation to the origins of man. Science can't quite explain what happened at zero time, and religion can't prove God exists. In fact, I find it quite funny that this debate is going on for both sides since neither can prove beyond a shadow of a doubt that the other is correct.

I've been in this discussion many times on both sides. I can argue both. Yes, religion is arguing from "ignorance", but so is science. If something is not proved, then does it not exist? Scientist take the approach of "if I don't know, I'm not going to say".

My biggest argument with ID is that it neglects the other religions' versions of creation and focuses on the Christian version. Unfortunately, there are thousands of groups believing thousands of theories for Christianity alone. ID is propagandized by the far conservative sect of Christians. The normal everyday Christian doesn't share the same views as they do on issues.

Pauliesonne
23rd January 2006, 10:26 PM
Ooh! Ooh! Can I try?

By 'image' Yahweh was clearly referring to DNA, which is of course the encoding data that determines the 'image' of an organism. So when he says man was made in his image he means he seeded the first DNA, i.e. the abiogenesic act, that led to our evolution.

sarcasm, I presume - master cyborg..,.

fishbob
23rd January 2006, 10:44 PM
When talking about belief, anything is possible. Whether it makes sense or not is an entirely different question.

CENOBITE
24th January 2006, 02:37 AM
So... who was God's mother?

farmermike
24th January 2006, 05:59 AM
So... who was God's mother?
Duhhh..The mother of all mothers .

Jas
24th January 2006, 11:42 AM
Duhhh..The mother of all mothers .
Roseanne?

CENOBITE
25th January 2006, 08:09 PM
Maybe "God" was sleeping... an eternal snuggly density of various dimentions forever rolling intertwined. However, "God" shifted in his sleep out of pure chance for the first time... ever so slightly, causing a ripple of chaos in this peaceful infinitely dense speck that, so dense, that even time couldn't escape. And in an instant, exploded into our cosmos.

"God" scratched his butt, opened one eye halfway, then went back to sleep. There... there's creation and evolution living peaceful with each other.