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Anacoluthon64
31st March 2006, 01:46 AM
One of South Africa's TV stations airs a weekly half-hour actuality/news programme called "3rd Degree," which normally examines current social and political issues. The usual format is a short introduction, possibly live, by hostess/presenter Debora Patta to the evening's topic, followed by a pre-recorded report, itself followed occasionally by a short, again possibly live, discussion of the report. As the name suggests, the "3rd Degree" reports and Ms Patta have repeatedly shown themselves to exercise much admirable integrity, not pulling any punches when grilling interviewees, especially when evasion's afoot or there's a redolence of bovine ordure about.

On Tuesday this week, "3rd Degree" presented a report concerning a curious and alarming situation in our country that, I hazard, few were aware of. There is a village situated in the northeastern part of the country that serves as a place of refuge for people accused of being witches. You read that correctly - "witches." The salient facts and statistics were reported as follows: Since 1990, more than 3,000 such accusations have been reported to the police (the proper total is possibly as high as twice that figure);
Since 1990, more than 600 "witches" have died as a result of stoning or burning;
Legislation dating back to the mid-1950s renders it illegal to make any allegations of witchcraft against another person; and
Such allegations can be as glib and facile as ascribing moderate success in entrepreneurship to witchcraft.
Unfortunately, the programme made no meaningful attempt to establish whether there was any substance to the whole witchcraft idea in the first place, focussing instead almost exclusively on the human tragedy that had been brought about. This omission got my sceptical goat all agitated and ready to ram some sense into a few strategically selected crania via their associated posteriors. The next day I fired off the e-mail that follows to the TV station. Much as expected, no acknowledgement or response has found its way to yours truly - any developments in this context will be announced if and when they occur, but don't hold yer breath...

'Luthon64


-----Original Message-----
From: <...>
Sent: 29 March 2006 13:16
To: 3rddegree@etv.co.za
Subject: Whither Witches?

On the whole, I find 3rd Degree's uncompromising journalistic standard pleasing. However, last night's Charlene Stanley piece on Helena, the Limpopo Province haven for alleged witches, was interesting but also deeply disappointing in one respect. The central question of whether witchcraft has any objective reality was neatly sidestepped and glossed over as secondary to the human aspects of the situation examined by the report. Such sidestepping took the form of deference to unqualified popular opinion of the "Yes/no, I do/don't believe in witches" kind without any further analysis. Needless to say, it would be foolhardy to accept such canvassing as a valid basis on which to decide the veracity or otherwise of witchcraft. We are living in the 21st century, not the 16th.

It is my contention that addressing the question of witchcraft's supposed reality is of cardinal importance. I say this for two reasons - first, the question can be objectively probed, and, second, a cursory glance at European and American history reveals just how scary the consequences of ignoring the question can become. After all, several people in Limpopo Province have suffered injury or died as a direct result of blind, uncritical faith in the actual existence of witches, which shows this belief to be harmful, and the most direct way of challenging this profound injustice would be to publicly examine the validity of the tenets that prompted it. Apart from a small minority of voices disclaiming belief in witches, the sanest part of this lunacy is the legislation that prohibits bringing accusations of witchcraft against any person. Most likely, the promulgators understood a very elementary fact: in view of the overwhelming absence of credible proof for witchcraft's reality, such accusations have no foundation whatsoever, and hence the ban thereon.

In the pursuit of journalistic balance, it is an oft-repeated mistake merely to present all sides of a story without due regard for the quality and quantity of the evidence that supports each such side. For example, an opinion based on a biblical inference that the sun will NOT rise tomorrow is obviously far less credible than the contrary view based on much well-established science and observation, and it would be disingenuous to present these opposing views as equally valid for the sake of "journalistic balance." It is, moreover, inexcusable that the question of witchcraft's objectivity is wholly avoided by appeal to notions of cultural respect and/or political correctness; this excuse would allow such things as Nazi racial beliefs to remain unchallenged. As with the witchcraft question, Nazi racial beliefs have a moral aspect, as revealed by history and ethics, and a factual one, as revealed - again - by history and other relevant sciences such as genetics. More importantly, the moral and factual aspects of both questions stridently and convincingly refute their affirmation, and this point was, it seems, deemed unworthy of mention in Stanley's report. Thus, journalistic balance was inadequately served.

Our government has repeatedly voiced its commitment to fostering education in science and technology, and a basic prerequisite for success in this endeavour is to nurture and promote a widespread ability to analyse issues critically based on the best available evidence. Various media have a significant role to play in this context. If even just one of the abilities popularly ascribed to "witches" was in fact found to be demonstrably true, it would require revision of large tracts of several sciences; since this hasn't ever happened, it is safe to conclude that the probability is minuscule that witchcraft is anything but a delusion. No anthropologist, historian or psychologist was afforded any opportunity to provide expert opinion on the witchcraft question in Stanley's report, and this is a grievous oversight and disservice to its audience on the part of 3rd Degree that needs, I think, to be assiduously avoided in future.

Sincerely,
<...>

UrsulaV
31st March 2006, 06:05 AM
I dunno, haven't seen the show, but it seems to me that focusing on the human tragedy is almost the only way to handle this. Did they just assume that there were no witches and that this was a terribly human tragedy where people could easily be accused and had no recourse?

'Cos that, to my mind, really is the important bit about witch hunts. They're a social phenomenon. You could insert any word for witch, like "communist" and it'd look pretty much identical and follow the same patterns.

Whether or not there are witches may be an easily testable phenomenon...but not something you can really test from a witch hunt. Witch hunts are all about the craziness and mass hysteria and human nature at a really low point. So I wouldn't blame a TV station from ignoring the whole question of the reality of witchcraft in favor of focusing on the barbarism of the whole situation and whether or not people BELIEVED in the witches, and were acting in bad ways on this belief.

After all, let's say that somebody managed to prove that under certain conditions, they could indeed get witchcraft to work. Would that make burning or stoning little old ladies who had the misfortune to do better at business than their neighbors justifiable?

Anacoluthon64
31st March 2006, 08:26 AM
The problem is that the question of whether witchcraft is real or not wasn't entertained in any serious way at all - a few people were merely asked whether they believed witches to be real or not. The impression this gave is that it was not an important question or perhaps one to which either answer is okay.

The observation that "rooting out the reds" has much in common with witch hunts misses an essential difference between these groups (or any other such social partitions): the objective existence of communists is hardly in doubt. I do not mean to imply that this difference justifies their persecution - quite the opposite - but how can a non-existent "witch" cause harm in any way at all? In contrast, it would be silly to deny that a communist could, for example, decide to plant a bomb in a crowded place.

The programme didn't much consider the barbarism of the situation either. Nor was the situation described one that involved any mass hysteria, only a gradual accumulation of dead bodies and exiles. The connection between a false belief and its injurious consequences was not hinted at, let alone appraised. The programme examined mainly the conditions under which people lived who had been so accused and their perceptions, forgoing any critical analysis of how they ended up in that predicament in the first place. Ironically, many of these ostracised individuals began accusing one another of witchcraft.

The media show little mercy when it comes to exposing governmental corruption, for example, and usually receive an appropriate pat on the back for their diligence and social conscience. Why does that same social conscience fail in the even more egregious situation where people are killed or disadvantaged as a result of a highly dubious superstition? Equally importantly, it seems overly contrived to excuse this failure of the media on the grounds that a large number of people believed in the reality of that superstition. Is a news programme pardonable for remaining silent on the inefficacy against HIV/AIDS of raping two-year olds simply because lots of people believe that it actually works?

Methinks not.

'Luthon64

Nyarlathotep
31st March 2006, 08:36 AM
Unfortunately, the programme made no meaningful attempt to establish whether there was any substance to the whole witchcraft idea in the first place, focussing instead almost exclusively on the human tragedy that had been brought about. This omission got my sceptical goat all agitated and ready to ram some sense into a few strategically selected crania via their associated posteriors.

I have heard of these places and i don't think your TV program was in the wrong. Witchcraft may not be real but the belief in it and the 'human tragedy' that the belief causes sure is. Unless the show is reaaallllllly long, the human tragedy and exposing the belief itself, sound like subjects that are each worthy of their own show.