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#1 |
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Penultimate Amazing
Join Date: Apr 2004
Location: Detroit suburbs
Posts: 11,453
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Fed to buy mortgages?
http://www.cnbc.com/id/49018964/?Fed...to_Lower_Rates
This article says that the federal reserve is going to buy a whole bunch of mortgage backed securities, in an effort to drive housing prices up. Am I misunderstanding something, or are they on drugs? |
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Dave "War is Peace. Freedom is slavery. Particles are waves." |
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#2 |
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Illuminator
Join Date: Oct 2005
Location: San Francisco, CA
Posts: 3,568
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Yes- the beatings will continue until morale improves.
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If wishes were horses, we'd all be eating steak. -Jayne Cobb Believe what you're told. There would be chaos if everyone thought for themselves. -Top Dog slogan |
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#3 |
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Sarcastic Conqueror of Notions
Join Date: Mar 2004
Location: A floating island above the clouds
Posts: 23,835
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It's been pointed out that under Bernanke the Fed has assumed a dual mission. It has always, since Volker, and then Greenspan, been about keeping inflation low so as to preserve the currency as a stable source of value.
Now it is also being used to try to manhandle the economy, something that is arguably at cross purposes, and is much more political. Expect hard lessons to be learned. |
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"Great innovations should not be forced [by way of] slender majorities." - Thomas Jefferson The government should nationalize it! Socialized, single-payer video game development and sales now! More, cheaper, better games, right? Right? |
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#4 |
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RBL CHeck Failed
Join Date: Jun 2007
Location: in the shadows
Posts: 2,490
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__________________
"The world will soon wake up to the reality that everyone is broke and can collect nothing from the bankrupt, who are owed unlimited amounts by the insolvent, who are attempting to make late payments on a bank holiday in the wrong country, with an unacceptable currency, against defaulted collateral, of which nobody is sure who holds title." - Anonymous |
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#5 |
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Master Poster
Join Date: Jun 2010
Posts: 2,401
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If you actually look at central bank “mission statements” they have always been about more than just inflation. For instance, my central bank:
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The Fed's:
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Now we can all argue about how successful (or not) these goals are/have been, but that’s not the point of what central banks are designed to do. |
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#6 |
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Penultimate Amazing
Join Date: Apr 2004
Location: Detroit suburbs
Posts: 11,453
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But what the Fed is doing in this case is trying to drive up housing prices by purchasing securities without regard to the risk of these securities. By doing this, they are ensuring that banks can write large loans without worrying about risks. Banks are therefore willing to lend more, which means people who shouldn't qualify for loans, will.
Has this been tried before? I think I read about this happening once before. Ahhh....but this time there is a key difference. Since this time the Fed is buying the securities, they are being purchased with newly printed money. That will work out much better than last time.
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Dave "War is Peace. Freedom is slavery. Particles are waves." |
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#7 |
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Eigenmode: Cynic
Join Date: May 2004
Posts: 2,531
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__________________
A person who won't think has no advantage over one who can't think. - (paraphrased) Mark Twain Diversity--When all colors and creeds believe exactly as liberals want them to. Or Else! -Coyote |
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#8 |
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RBL CHeck Failed
Join Date: Jun 2007
Location: in the shadows
Posts: 2,490
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close.
it is, as it always has been, about frantically trying to stop the ongoing deleveraging of the shadow banking system |
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"The world will soon wake up to the reality that everyone is broke and can collect nothing from the bankrupt, who are owed unlimited amounts by the insolvent, who are attempting to make late payments on a bank holiday in the wrong country, with an unacceptable currency, against defaulted collateral, of which nobody is sure who holds title." - Anonymous |
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#9 |
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Muse
Join Date: Oct 2007
Posts: 996
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The stated purpose of the Fed buying mortgages is to lower the interest rates, thereby lowering umemployment. I read an article a few days ago that explained that the banks are taking advantage (higher profits for banks) of the increased spread between mortgages and bonds so the mortgage rates have not declined to where they could be. The article was called Enigma of mortage rates or somethig to that affect. I don't fully understand how this works. Please explain if you can. Basically a bank sells a mortgage with an interest rate of 4%, then sells into the bond market that pays 3.25%. By my math, which is the universal language, they would lose .75%. The difference is 3.25% now rather than 4% over 30 years, but a loss none-the-less.
I really like the name “shadow banking system.” It has a certain doom-laden appeal to it. |
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#10 |
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Penultimate Amazing
Join Date: Apr 2004
Location: Detroit suburbs
Posts: 11,453
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If lower interest rates caused high employment, we would be at record high levels of employment. We aren't. They don't. The policy is stupid.
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This part I get. The issue is the relationship between price and yield. When finance whizzes try to explain it, they tend to confuse the issue, and no one understands it. I'll try to simplify the issue. Suppose a bank loans someone $1000 for a period of one year. At the end of the one year, the borrower agrees to pay $1040. That's an interest rate, APR, of 4%. Now, though, suppose the bank doesn't hold on to the loan. Suppose they want to sell it. Someone buys it for 1010 dollars. The borrower still pays exactly what he would have paid. A year after the borrower borrowed the money, he pays 1040 dollars to whoever bought the loan. As far as the borrower is concerned, it's still just a plain old 4% loan. Now, though, look at it from the buyer's point of view. He paid 1010 dollars. A year later, he got 1040 dollars. His yied is 3% (neglect roundoff error, of 30 cents more or less). The difference between the 3% that the bond buyer paid and the 4% of the loan interest is a 1% "spread". Now look at it from the banks perspective. They made a $1000 loan, and sold it for $1010. That's a ten dollar profit on a loan that they made and immediately sold. They never got a penny of interest. They got a gain from selling an asset. What the Fed is doing is promising to buy a bunch of loans in that fashion. For the banks, it's awesome. They get a guaranteed buyer for their product. They loan $100,000 to a home buyer, package it up with a whole bunch of other mortgages, wave a magic wand and utter some incantations, and the Fed gives them $101,000. Cha Ching! And the best part is what happens if the home buyer loses his job. The bank had to make sure he was creditworthy, or that his house could be sold for enough to cover the loan, because they could lose their shirt if the guy can't pay it back. That could really suck. Unless of course they could just turn around and sell the loan to a willing buyer who wasn't paying attention.....like, say, the Federal Reserve Bank. Now, why would the bank care if the home buyer can pay it back the mortgage. By the time the mortgage goes belly up, it will be sold to some sucker. And that is exactly what caused the "housing crisis" four years ago. Usually, more than four years pass before we forget the lessons of history, but it looks like short attention spans are all the rage these days. |
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Dave "War is Peace. Freedom is slavery. Particles are waves." |
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#11 | |||
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Illuminator
Join Date: Oct 2005
Location: San Francisco, CA
Posts: 3,568
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Housing bubble? What housing bubble?
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If wishes were horses, we'd all be eating steak. -Jayne Cobb Believe what you're told. There would be chaos if everyone thought for themselves. -Top Dog slogan |
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#12 |
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Sarcastic Conqueror of Notions
Join Date: Mar 2004
Location: A floating island above the clouds
Posts: 23,835
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If the difference between actual house cost w.r.t. build and "what the market bears" on a sale is way out of line, banks need to refuse the loans.
Or convince social assumption of risk through government. One of the two lets politicians stand on boxes 8 out of 10 years and talk about how they are increasing home ownership. Which way will we go? |
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"Great innovations should not be forced [by way of] slender majorities." - Thomas Jefferson The government should nationalize it! Socialized, single-payer video game development and sales now! More, cheaper, better games, right? Right? |
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#13 |
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Penultimate Amazing
Join Date: Jan 2007
Location: Woo*(+-1.10)^20=AGWwoo
Posts: 15,398
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Look, this is not complicated. The FED buys mortages that means they get the interest. What interest do Tbills earn? Tiny to nothing. If the FED prints money, then earns 3.25 percent or so, they are doing better than buying T bills at the cost of having driven out of business the entire mortgage industry.
Banks cannot "own mortgages" on residential property. They can on commercial. For residential, they act as a dealer or storefront for loans. Where this is headed is the federal government owning the mortgages, hence owning, a large percentage of all property. What they will do then is only write adjustable rate mortgages. |
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#14 |
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Penultimate Amazing
Join Date: Apr 2004
Location: Detroit suburbs
Posts: 11,453
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__________________
Dave "War is Peace. Freedom is slavery. Particles are waves." |
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#15 |
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Penultimate Amazing
Join Date: Jan 2007
Location: Woo*(+-1.10)^20=AGWwoo
Posts: 15,398
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#16 |
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Muse
Join Date: Oct 2007
Posts: 996
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Low interest rates should decrease unemployment because people will either refinance their homes and have more money to spend each month from the savings (this increase in disposable income could be spend elsewhere to stimulate the economy) or more people will purchase homes thereby increasing new construction and all of the services that support this activity. I see the dominos and how it could work. I also understand it's not 100% effective because you have the human element and who knows how each individual will re/act.
Thank you. I understand now. It appears the banks would rather have $10 profit now, rather than $40 profit in 30 years. Not to mention they get the majority of the loan, principle back sooner. What do you think the banks are going to do with the money they are getting from these Fed bond purchases? All I know is it's a great time, profitable time to be a banker!!! And it's all being done under the guise of what's best for the nation. Isn't this policy similar to the Fed printing money? Accept these new monies are distributed through a different channel. If the Fed owns my mortgage and I can't pay, does the Fed come after my house? Perhaps they hire a 3rd party. |
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#17 |
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Muse
Join Date: Oct 2007
Posts: 996
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Interesting that you mention that. I was able to purchase my house, which was build in early 2000, for $40,000 less than it would have cost me to build today.
It doesn't matter which political party is in power, both of them praise higher home ownership figures. The plan they would implement to reach that goal is different. |
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#18 |
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Muse
Join Date: Oct 2007
Posts: 996
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What amount does the Fed get for T-bills? Zilch if the Fed is who ends up buying them. The more I think about it the more I think the Fed buying mortgages is just another way for the Fed to increase the money supply, which they believe is necessary to meet their dual mandates.
I'd like to see some information confirming your comment that banks can not own residential loans. |
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#19 |
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Penultimate Amazing
Join Date: Jan 2007
Location: Woo*(+-1.10)^20=AGWwoo
Posts: 15,398
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First of all, I overlooked something. Of course they can own interim financing loans on property ("builder's loans"). Also, they could easily make anything in the order of a 5 to 7 year loan.
What I was thinking of was the typical 20 or 30 year residential single family loan in the USA. Banks just don't do this, they act as a dealer or immediately sell the loan off at a discount. On looking in Google, I find references to banks being able to hold such paper in their portfolios. But they don't. I've been told by bankers that they can't have loans longer than 5 to 7 years on property, then they renegotiate the loan. But that's always commerical, nobody buying a house would do that. So there are some questions as to "why the lending practice is this way" that I don't know the answer to. I'll ask some guys. |
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#20 |
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Penultimate Amazing
Join Date: Apr 2004
Location: Detroit suburbs
Posts: 11,453
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That's right. They are increasing the money supply by buying those mortgages.
And I see mhaze has corrected his statement about banks and mortgages. It's perfectly legal for banks to hold them, but it is increasingly less common for banks to actually do this. Most mortgages get sold. And as you alluded to, the holders of mortgaged back securities, whether it's the Fed, or an institution, or the bank that created the security, does not go after your house. They "hire a 3rd party". When a mortgage gets sold, there are complicated arrangements about who will collect the money from the borrowers, foreclose on unpaid mortgages, and generally service the loan, turning over the money to people who created the mortgage backed securities, who in turn make sure that money gets to the owner of those securities. Needless to say, everyone involved in the process skims some off the top as they transfer the money. In practice, I'm sure it takes many pages to explain who does what and who gets the money for it, but in principle it is simple. You, as bondholder, will eventually get the money paid on the mortgage, but you will have to pay a fee to the entity that actually does the work of servicing the loan. |
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Dave "War is Peace. Freedom is slavery. Particles are waves." |
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#21 |
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Penultimate Amazing
Join Date: Apr 2004
Location: Detroit suburbs
Posts: 11,453
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The problem with the "increase in disposable income" theory is that interest payments transfer money from point A in the economy to point B in the economy. If A has more money, then B has less money. A will now spend more money, stimulating the economy, but B will spend less, depressing the economy. The net change is zero. A lot of people make the same mistake when they consider taxes. People act as if tax hikes or tax cuts magically make more money for someone, and that someone (either taxpayers or government, depending on which party is involved) will then use the money to create jobs. That would work, if the money appeared from nowhere. But it doesn't.
The problem with the "increasing new construction" theory is that we don't have a housing shortage right now. There are plenty of vacant homes without buyers. That was a big part of the housing bubble of a few short years ago. There were, indeed, tons of jobs in the construction business as people paid too much for homes, so much so that everyone wanted to be in the business of selling them. Unfortunately, bubbles burst and you are left with all this unsold property. John Maynard Keynes famously noted that you could improve the economy by paying some men to dig ditches and others to fill them in. He was wrong, and so obviously wrong that is should have been a sign of the flaw in his theory. Paying people to build houses right now would be a lot like paying people to dig ditches and fill them in. We don't need new construction. However, it's a little bit worse than that. By building new houses, you depress the housing market, so it would be taking money away from existing property owners. The usual theory of why lowering interest rates will create jobs is that it lowers risk for new or expanding businesses. If I want to start a business, and hire people for that purpose, I have to borrow money. It's a lot easier to make a profit if I am paying 3% on that loan instead of 7%. However, interest rates are currently at historic lows already. Pushing them down just a tiny bit more isn't going to help. |
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Dave "War is Peace. Freedom is slavery. Particles are waves." |
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#22 |
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RBL CHeck Failed
Join Date: Jun 2007
Location: in the shadows
Posts: 2,490
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I disagree, IMO the government will end up owning the rest of housing market too whichever puppet reads the teleprompter
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal...nd_Freddie_Mac |
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"The world will soon wake up to the reality that everyone is broke and can collect nothing from the bankrupt, who are owed unlimited amounts by the insolvent, who are attempting to make late payments on a bank holiday in the wrong country, with an unacceptable currency, against defaulted collateral, of which nobody is sure who holds title." - Anonymous |
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#23 |
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Penultimate Amazing
Join Date: Jan 2007
Location: Woo*(+-1.10)^20=AGWwoo
Posts: 15,398
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This is not accurate. "Legal" doesn't describe what a business must or should do to move forward through a morass of complicated regulations which are often at cross purposes.
If I've been told (numerous times by different bankers) that they can't do loans fixed rate over 5-7 years on property there's obviously some reason they say that. It may be how items are placed on their balance sheet as liabilities or assets, that sort of thing. As an aside, consider that the very existence of Savings and Loans, and Credit Unions, was to cover exactly these areas where banks did not provide needed services. Having said all this, it certainly is the case that banks "appear" to do residential loans - but they really act as a storefront dealer for another party when mortgages are involved. And they should, they can't possibly have expertise in such an area. |
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#24 |
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Penultimate Amazing
Join Date: Jan 2007
Location: Woo*(+-1.10)^20=AGWwoo
Posts: 15,398
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Why shouldn't they want to own the housing market? IF they can get 4% there on the creation of money, and if they can at the moment of their choosing and to protect their rights of hyperinflation, go to adjustable rate mortgages strictly....
Then after they've bottomed out the Tbill market, there is simply nowhere else to go. Collective ownership of property is of course the goal of socialists, and it never can be the goal of capitalists. Keep that in mind when you hear politicians talking about being "pro business". |
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#25 |
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Penultimate Amazing
Join Date: Apr 2004
Location: Detroit suburbs
Posts: 11,453
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__________________
Dave "War is Peace. Freedom is slavery. Particles are waves." |
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#26 |
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Penultimate Amazing
Join Date: Jan 2007
Location: Woo*(+-1.10)^20=AGWwoo
Posts: 15,398
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Yeah. What I'm implying is that "legal" doesn't come close to describing the process of attempting to be in some sort of reasonable compliance, a due diligence process, with a couple hundred thousand pages of regulation.
I'm not directly refuting your comment, and I'm not sure this is a matter of much interest, but here is a comment in a letter to the Fed regarding the "Basil 3" regulatory process that illustrates something of the matter. http://www.federalreserve.gov/SECRS/...44429146_1.pdf One particularly odd aspect of Basel III is the fact the rule will create a heavier risk weighting for a 5-year balloon, residential mortgage, vs. a 30-year fixed rate mortgage. Community banks generally write 5-year balloon payment mortgages for our local residential loan customers if the loan is retained on our books. This is done to alleviate interest rate risk, obviously. A 5-year balloon loan has much less interest rate risk than a 30-year fixed rate loan would, yet it is risk weighted at 100%, vs. a 30-year loan which would be weighted at 50%. |
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#27 |
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Philosopher
Join Date: Jul 2007
Posts: 6,872
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This lack of skin in the game is why lenders were so quick to give out so many bad mortgages. They make more on the turnaround for a lower quality loan because it’s got a higher interest rate so there was and probably still is an incentive to push people towards loans they have a higher probability of not being able to pay back.
At the height of the housing bubble it could actually be very difficult to know you were actually taking out a sub-prime loan because the lenders disguised them to look like products aimed at low risk borrowers. |
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"Anything's possible, but only a few things actually happen" |
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#28 |
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Philosopher
Join Date: Jul 2007
Posts: 6,872
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"Anything's possible, but only a few things actually happen" |
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#29 |
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Penultimate Amazing
Join Date: Apr 2004
Location: Detroit suburbs
Posts: 11,453
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Dave "War is Peace. Freedom is slavery. Particles are waves." |
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#30 |
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Student
Join Date: Oct 2011
Posts: 48
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The Fed is buying MBSs for various reasons, one of which is to provide more liquidity to banks. The money that comes out of the securities will be deposited in banks, for at least some amount of time. Another effect is to raise the price of MBS (lowering the interest rate) to make owning them less appealing compared to bank deposits. Thus more cash in the banks. Bank liquidity is still very important to them, suggesting that our big banks may be less well capitalized that the regulators are letting on and that they need to be prepared in case of a massive bank collapse in Europe. Something that Europe so far has been willing to throw billions of euros at to prevent.
Buying MBSs does bolster housing prices by keeping interest rates low and it also keeps government interest expense low and allows corporations to refinance maturing debt and unprecedented low costs. My opinion is that the Feds actions are mostly designed to stop deflation. Something that plagued Japan for years after its real estate market burst because artificially low interest rates designed to promote growth had caused a huge real estate bubble in the 80's. We are in the latter stage of repeating their mistakes. |
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#31 |
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Penultimate Amazing
Join Date: Jan 2003
Location: Japan
Posts: 15,792
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__________________
“Some men are born mediocre, some men achieve mediocrity, and some men have mediocrity thrust upon them. With Major Major it had been all three.” ― Joseph Heller, Catch-22 |
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#32 |
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RBL CHeck Failed
Join Date: Jun 2007
Location: in the shadows
Posts: 2,490
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lol! oh look just in time for the election what a happy coincidence
![]() and if you print enough money everything will go up, it has zero to do with a sound fundamental economy and everything to do with Gideon Gono |
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"The world will soon wake up to the reality that everyone is broke and can collect nothing from the bankrupt, who are owed unlimited amounts by the insolvent, who are attempting to make late payments on a bank holiday in the wrong country, with an unacceptable currency, against defaulted collateral, of which nobody is sure who holds title." - Anonymous |
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#33 |
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Penultimate Amazing
Join Date: Jan 2003
Location: Japan
Posts: 15,792
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You know, mentioning Zimbabwe in a thread about monetary policy is the intellectual equivalent of Godwinning.
Bernanke is not Gono any more than the president is Hitler. The United States is not going to have Zimbabwe-like inflation. It just isn't. Not even anything remotely comparable to that. |
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“Some men are born mediocre, some men achieve mediocrity, and some men have mediocrity thrust upon them. With Major Major it had been all three.” ― Joseph Heller, Catch-22 |
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#34 |
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RBL CHeck Failed
Join Date: Jun 2007
Location: in the shadows
Posts: 2,490
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well if you'd read the link Gono himself was commenting on Bernanke's path, and in this instance I suggest that he is more qualified than Bernanke to comment on likely outcomes.
oh, oh, I know this game.. "Greece is not Argentina", "Spain is not Greece" etc ![]() interesting, being as nobody knows this, we are in completely unchartered territory now, with witchdoctors at the helm. here's what one (overly truthy) member of the Fed said about it recently
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"The world will soon wake up to the reality that everyone is broke and can collect nothing from the bankrupt, who are owed unlimited amounts by the insolvent, who are attempting to make late payments on a bank holiday in the wrong country, with an unacceptable currency, against defaulted collateral, of which nobody is sure who holds title." - Anonymous |
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#35 |
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Suspended
Join Date: Oct 2012
Posts: 20
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#36 |
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Penultimate Amazing
Join Date: Jan 2003
Location: Japan
Posts: 15,792
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I remain optimistic about this policy.
A couple housing reports were released on Monday and Tuesday, and both were good. Existing-Home Sales Climb
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Consumer Prices in U.S. Rose at a Slower Pace in October
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One more indicator: Unemployment falls in 37 states in October
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“Some men are born mediocre, some men achieve mediocrity, and some men have mediocrity thrust upon them. With Major Major it had been all three.” ― Joseph Heller, Catch-22 |
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#37 |
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Muse
Join Date: Nov 2006
Posts: 733
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I'll just take this opportunity to point out how clearly this case shows why land ought not be treated like other property. We should be thrilled at the prospect of affordable housing, but because our entire financial system is hopelessly tied to capitalized land rents, the government intentionally seeks to make 'housing' (land) less affordable instead.
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I put the "nan" in "nano-nano thermite." |
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#38 |
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Penultimate Amazing
Join Date: Apr 2004
Location: Detroit suburbs
Posts: 11,453
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Dave "War is Peace. Freedom is slavery. Particles are waves." |
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#39 |
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Eigenmode: Cynic
Join Date: May 2004
Posts: 2,531
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__________________
A person who won't think has no advantage over one who can't think. - (paraphrased) Mark Twain Diversity--When all colors and creeds believe exactly as liberals want them to. Or Else! -Coyote |
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#40 |
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Penultimate Amazing
Join Date: Jan 2003
Location: Japan
Posts: 15,792
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Actually the government is driving down the cost of mortgages, which makes it more affordable, not less. There are two factors that make up the total cost of buying a house. There's the price of the house itself and there's the price of the money you borrow to buy the house. The latter is typically what costs more. Mortgage interest rates are now at all time lows, making a great time to buy if you want a great deal.
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“Some men are born mediocre, some men achieve mediocrity, and some men have mediocrity thrust upon them. With Major Major it had been all three.” ― Joseph Heller, Catch-22 |
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