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#1 |
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Master Poster
Join Date: Aug 2002
Location: Denmark
Posts: 2,636
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Randi's involvement in tests
It is stated clearly in the challenge rules that Randi is not directly involved in the tests - unless he is specifically asked to participate by the claimant.
However, we have also read the story of the Russian girl who apparently could read through a blindfold. It was my impression from reading this account that Randi was present and was the one who had the goggles taped to her face. Was he specifically asked for in this case? I seem to remember other cases like it. Although the rule that Randi should not be present is understandable, it also raises the possibility that someone will run off with the million, because Randi is undoubtedly one of the most experienced testers. How does Randi make sure that the testers employed are people who will not fall for cheap tricks? (Images of the Yellow Bamboo test again comes to mind). |
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Steen -- Jack of all trades - master of none! |
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#2 |
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Muse
Join Date: Aug 2004
Posts: 603
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Not letting Gary Schwartz conduct any tests?
Carn |
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#3 |
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Penultimate Amazing
Join Date: Aug 2001
Posts: 42,805
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SkepticReport.com |
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#4 |
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Master Poster
Join Date: Aug 2002
Location: Denmark
Posts: 2,636
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Hm, I think the rules have been changed lately. I do not remember having seen this rule before:
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(concerning independent investigators who lose interest in the task)
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Steen -- Jack of all trades - master of none! |
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#5 |
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ex-Huntsman
Join Date: Sep 2002
Location: A Luxury Handbasket
Posts: 5,622
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steen:
I think Kramar was referring to the preliminary tests with that statement; of course, I don't speak for him, so that's just my take on it
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"The overarching lesson that has emerged from scientific inquiry over the last century is that human experience is often a misleading guide to the true nature of reality."--Brain Greene, The Fabric of the Cosmos |
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#6 |
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challenge facilitator
Join Date: Apr 2004
Location: South Florida
Posts: 1,443
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Randi does not conduct the test.
I think also that a good many instances in the past (wherein people underwent testing by Randi himself ) took place without an official JREF Challenge application having been filed. So, Randi often tests claims that have nothing to do with the actual JREF Challenge. When an application is filed, the Challenge rules are followed to the letter. |
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KRAMER, JREF Paranormal Challenge Desk |
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#7 |
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Master Poster
Join Date: Aug 2002
Location: Denmark
Posts: 2,636
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OK, thanks, KRAMER!
Then the other part of my question remains: How does Randi ensure that the testers involved will not get fooled? What kind of qualifications do you demand of the testers? |
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Steen -- Jack of all trades - master of none! |
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#8 |
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Muse
Join Date: Jul 2004
Location: On the fence
Posts: 672
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#9 |
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challenge facilitator
Join Date: Apr 2004
Location: South Florida
Posts: 1,443
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KRAMER, JREF Paranormal Challenge Desk |
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#10 |
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Muse
Join Date: May 2003
Posts: 939
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Such as Mike G's dowsing test where Randi describes his own involvement. And the psychic healer from Lithuania. And Randi's stated intention that he would conduct the test "this week." And the aforementioned testing of the Russian x-ray vision girl, test performed by Randi. And .... Well, you get the idea. Actually, I'm hard pressed to find a single description of a million doller test that WASN'T conducted by Randi. Perhaps you can cite a few examples?
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#11 |
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Muse
Join Date: Aug 2004
Posts: 603
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http://www.gwup.org/psitest/ There are several links to german newspapers and TV stations, that reported about the tests and all state that tests were conducted by german sceptics and Randi is only named as the one offering the 1 million. On a report i saw on TV, it was also stated and showed on video, that german sceptics conducted the tests at a university and that Randi was not present, except for the retesting of one candidate, who scored good in the first test(34 of 50, while for passing he would have needed 40 of 50, chance expectation was 25 of 50). German sceptics decided it was interesting enough to test again and Randi also thought it interesting enough to be present at the test, though he only observed and did not conduct anything. The second test result was 22 of 50, so likely candidate was only lucky on first try.(or it were Randis mystical anti-para powers working) So all official prelimenary tests were done without Randi, the retesting was just interest of german sceptics. Especially take a look at the fotos, no Randi to be seen. Carn |
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#12 |
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Muse
Join Date: May 2003
Posts: 939
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NB Randi only accepts claim applications written in English, and rejects babelfish translations. Allow me the same.
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- fluke - some flaw in the test design that skews the results - deliberate cheating - some real talent When it happens in Randi's test, his response is to crow about it falling short of the target score, and deny any further test. This is totally wrong. These Germans, noting a higher than expected score tried the same guy again, to see if he could repeat the higher than expected score. That is the right way to do it. |
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#13 |
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Muse
Join Date: Aug 2004
Posts: 603
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As good scoring in tests does not happen often(after all its unlikely if its just chance), i do not know further examples, where a applicant scored good, but not good enough, so i do not know how Randi behaves in this cases, do you have links about such cases where applicant scored far better than chance? Also in the report i saw and the newspaper articles, there was no hint that Randi in any way disproved the retesting and his coming to watch the retest, i think can only be interpreted as Randi wanting to know whether it was chance, cheating, real ability or test problems, so i cannot agree to your point, that Randi, as you implied, "always" makes fun of failed applicants, maybe he only picks those, where he also has other reasons to "crow" about. But without lots of reports on prelim tests i can only guess and nothing more can you do, unless you know reports of tests where applicants scored good and where "crowed". Also he does not deny any further test, though he sets the bar, that applicant has to wait 12 months and reapply(from official rules): "There is no limit on the number of times an applicant may re-apply, but re-application can take place only after 12 months have elapsed since the preliminary test." It seems to me that an applicant can even reapply with exactly the same claim and ask for exactly the same test protocol. But i agree that waiting 12 months and reapply might demotivate people to retest, but that still different from "deny any further test". BTW, i'm still waiting for your to prove through cites or something like that, that: 1."All scientist, except Einstein, ignored the(=all?) facts" 2."No scientist, except Einstein, did alter the theory to make it fit the facts." at the thread http://forums.randi.org/showthread.p...0&pagenumber=3 I'm interested, because i think it might be possible to prove 2., but i think its impossible to prove 1. Carn Added: I insist so much on discussing those statements of you, that seem to have an "always" or "never" in it, because i think they are among those, that cause a lot of people to dislike you, first because, while everybody knows for example, that Randi can be very nasty, nobody thinks he always is and second its very hard to prove "always" and "never" statements and you do not seem to manage often and third disproving such statements is very easy, one conterexample is enough and people regularly try to show you one and you, as far as i have seen, never acknowledged, that somebody has found an counterexample or something thats close to counterexample. I think it would be better, if you try to be careful with "always" and "never", i also got a bloody nose somewhere on this forum with that and had to change my position. But maybe i just get the wrong picture. |
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#14 |
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Muse
Join Date: May 2003
Posts: 939
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Yeah, here's one. Expected score : 10% Actual score (for water dowsers) : 22% Odds against this happening : approx 107 to 1 Randi's excuses : 1) To combine the results of three totally seperate tests. Different people were testing for different claims. They have nothing to do with each other. By this trick Randi makes the 22% figure vanish. 2) He crows about the figure falling below the target score of 80%. He makes loads of nasty remarks about how they thought they would get 80%, but they really only got 22%, much less than they thought. By this trick, Randi distracts from the fact that they scored substantally above chance. Let me repeat. there are several possible explainations for this. - fluke - some flaw in the test skewing the results - deliberate cheating - actual dowsing skill An honest person running getting this result would have said : Well, this sort of thing happens ocasionally if you run enigh tests A competent person getting this result would have performed further tests, to see if the 22% success could be repeated. Randi is neither competent nor honest. His response to this was to play with figures and deny that the score was above chance at all.
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The Germans got it right. When they saw a result substantially above chance, they tried it again. Thus they were able to say the first test was just a fluke. Randi got it wrong. When he saw a result substantially above chance, he simply denied it. And offered no further tests.
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Ask a silly question...
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#15 |
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Illuminator
Join Date: Nov 2002
Location: Brizzle
Posts: 3,527
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Or the 22% could be the result of choosing a subset fo the tests (which I guess is a combination of sheer dumb luck and flaw in the design of the experiment).
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#16 |
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Muse
Join Date: May 2004
Posts: 595
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How did you determine that the "Odds against this happening" are 107 to 1? |
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#17 |
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Professor Of The Bleedin' Obvious
Join Date: Aug 2004
Location: Waiting Long Enough By The River
Posts: 17,594
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"It is a mark of insincerity of purpose to spend one's time in looking for the sacred Emperor in low-class teashops." |
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#18 |
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Muse
Join Date: Aug 2004
Posts: 603
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Carn quote: BTW, i'm still waiting for your to prove through cites or something like that, that:
1."All scientist, except Einstein, ignored the(=all?) facts" 2."No scientist, except Einstein, did alter the theory to make it fit the facts.". Peter Morris " Einstein discovered relativity. Everyone else didn't. What more do you want? Ask a silly question... " Ok, Peter Morris, since 30 years science faces the problem, that the QCD standard model does not describe gravity in any satisfactory way. When you consider gravity, like its explained in General Relativity, QCD is just plain wrong. It is certain that either QCD or GR or both are wrong at some point and that maybe a complete new idea is needed to get a consitent theory. One try is super string theory. Unfortunately, its not yet testible, there are no big enough accelerators and also there are some reasons to believe its actually wrong. Now consider in 40 years some genius shows up and solves the problem with a completely new theory. Would you then say: - All scientist between 1970 and 2040 ignored the fact that GR and QCD don't work together and no scientists did alter the theories, to make them fit the facts. -Scientist knew there was something wrong, but all the ideas they had, how to deal with this problem failed, they were too stupid and the genius was needed to find a good theory. I hope you see that the first statement is identical to the one you made for 19th century scientist, while the second statement is different, because it implies that scientist did not ignore the facts, though were too stupid to find a fitting theory, so both statements cannot be correct the same time. Carn |
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#19 |
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Muse
Join Date: May 2003
Posts: 939
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#20 |
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Muse
Join Date: May 2003
Posts: 939
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Then I posted the figures on a maths forum and asked for an exact answer. Someone posted 0.935%. When I asked how this was calculated he replied "It's a binomial distribution, conveniently it's a function in excel." So now we know. |
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#21 |
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Muse
Join Date: May 2003
Posts: 939
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I can no longer even remember the point we were discussing when this first came up. Just get over it. We've moved onto other subjects. |
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#22 |
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Back From The Dead
Join Date: Aug 2002
Location: Inside my brain
Posts: 1,373
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#23 |
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Penultimate Amazing
Join Date: Aug 2001
Posts: 42,805
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SkepticReport.com |
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#24 |
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Graduate Poster
Join Date: Aug 2001
Location: St Annes, UK
Posts: 1,046
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******************************************* That was their choice. If they choose to have me do the tests -- and in some cases, they INSIST on it -- I do so. That applies to all aspects, to suit the applicant. As for the escrow matter, all that has been posted on my web site. James Randi -----Original Message----- From: Jim S [mailto:*EMAIL*ADDRESS*DELETED*] Sent: Tuesday, March 16, 2004 4:02 PM To: randi@randi.org Subject: Concerns about your writings regarding the challenge Dear Mr Randi, I’ve recently been reading through the commentary archive and have noticed that a number of your statements regarding the paranormal challenge seem contradictory. I’ve listed below those that have me puzzled, in the hope that you can address them and restore my confidence in your award. -Repeatedly, you state that the JREF is not involved in the testing, which is completed by a mutually agreed independent third party. “The JREF does not involve itself in the testing procedure, other than helping to design the protocol and approving the conditions under which a test will take place.†http://www.randi.org/research/index.html Yet in the commentaries of 22nd Feb 2002 (http://www.randi.org/jr/022202.html) and 1st Oct 2000 (http://www.randi.org/jr/10-01-2000.html), you describe your direct involvement in the testing of Natalie Lulova and a healer from Lithuania (an apparent contravention of rule 4 of the challenge rules). Were you simply over-enthusiastic in these cases or should I take it that testing is always done independently from the JREF except in certain cases in which the foundation has special interest (and then only with the consent of the challenger)? -*QUESTION*REGARDING*PROTOCOL*DESIGN*DELETED* -*QUESTION*REGARDING*ESCROW*DELETED* I look forward to your response and would be grateful if you would grant me permission to post it in the JREF forums where I have already voiced my concerns. Regards, Jim S., *LOCATION*DELETED*. ****************************************** From Application for status of claimant: "NOTE: No special rules, exceptions, conditions, standards, or favors will be granted without the mutual agreement of those concerned — in advance." |
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#25 |
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Muse
Join Date: May 2003
Posts: 939
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What would you want me to talk about? |
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#26 |
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Muse
Join Date: May 2003
Posts: 939
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1) I'm not sure how to post it here. As I understand it, we can't actually post content here, only links to it. That means that I'd have to set up a website, put my file on it, then provide a link to the file. 2) It was written in an old students edition of VB6. I believe that it will only run from within that particular software. The particular version I have does not permit creation of executables that would run on other computers. 3) I'm not sure if I even still have it. It was a simple program written many months ago for a single purpose. I had no real use for it afterwards. |
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#27 |
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Penultimate Amazing
Join Date: Aug 2001
Posts: 42,805
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SkepticReport.com |
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#28 |
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Muse
Join Date: May 2003
Posts: 939
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Someone makes a paranormal claim. Someone agrees to test that claim. They set up a test : Random chance would expect to score X in the test. A score of 8x is so unlikely that it would be strong evidence of paranormal powers. In fact the claimant only scores 5x, much higher than chance, much less than the target score. Reaction of the Germans : Hey, that's interesting, he got higher than chance. Lets test him some more, and see if he keeps it up. Reaction of Randi : You got less than the target, that's a fail. There will be no further tests done, but you can come back next year. The point is, if Randi sets a target of 80%, then a score of 79.999999% is a failure, and proof that you're self-deluded.
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#29 |
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Muse
Join Date: May 2003
Posts: 939
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#30 |
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Penultimate Amazing
Join Date: Aug 2001
Posts: 42,805
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SkepticReport.com |
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#31 |
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Graduate Poster
Join Date: Aug 2001
Location: St Annes, UK
Posts: 1,046
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Edited for clarity. |
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#32 |
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Muse
Join Date: May 2003
Posts: 939
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The point is, the German test one subject scored far higher than chance. So they extended the test. The additional stuff they did was PART OF THE SAME TEST. In the same situation, Randi would not extend the test.
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#33 |
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Scholar
Join Date: May 2002
Posts: 102
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Originally posted by Peter Morris:
First of all I knocked up a quick computer simulation, ran it several hundred thousand times. This showed me the figure was slightly more than 100-1, maybe about 110-1. Originally posted by CFLarsen: Can we see the source code for this? Peter, Your chance to avoid total loss of credibility. Claus, I'll bet you can anticipate how Peter will try to further slither out of this. |
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#34 |
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Scholar
Join Date: Mar 2004
Posts: 117
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Quoth a math nut:
Out of 50 attempts, you have 11 success. Since each attempt is binary (succeed/fail) you also have 39 failures. However, the order in which they take place does not matter, so long as you get the right number. The exact mathematical furmula here is: Let p be the chance of success, with n tests and k successes. The chance is C(n,k)*p^k*(1-p)^(n-k) C(n,k) is the number of possible combinations of exactly k successes among n tests, the rest is the chance of a specific order of successes and failures. C(n,k) is n!/(k!*(n-k)!, where ! denotes the factorial, or the product of all integers up to that number. So 5! is 1*2*3*4*5 (=120), and 50! is BIG. If you have Excel, or a decent pocket calculator, or know how to program, etc. you can compute this. In the case of 50 attempts, 11 successes and a 10% chance of success, you get roughly 1/163 (to quote Excel -which is probably fairly accurate). Approximating it by hand is more of a pain, but feasible, and gives the same size. The answer is 1/163 for all practical purposes. Programs / rough calculations / instructions in use of software available on request, but this isn't the forum for it. Should one try to write such a program for the merry folks of the forums? It's easy, really. End of math rant. |
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#35 |
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Penultimate Amazing
Join Date: May 2003
Posts: 11,233
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I think he's getting it from:
Probability(of getting more 11 or more out of 50, given that the probability for each independent trial is 10%) = SUM { nCr(n,r) * p^r * (1-p)^(n-r) } (where nCr = n!/(r!(n-r)!) Where n = 50, p = .1, and r runs from 11 to 50. This yields .0093546. |
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#36 |
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Scholar
Join Date: Mar 2004
Posts: 117
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Good point.
As a math note, I'd use 1-(Sum up to 10 inclusive), as it involves less work. I get 1/69, roughly (or 0.014). The order of magnitude seems about right, anyway. |
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#37 |
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Scholar
Join Date: Mar 2004
Posts: 117
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Here we go.
Just dug up an old program that computes Poisson tails, that is the odds of more than a certain number of events occuring when you know the number of expected events. 50 tests, 10% chance gives 5 tests expected, and 11 observed. The Poisson tail is 0.01369. Not quite the exact value, but close enough for government work. Using the same program, I can get estimates of how many tests you'd need to pass to have a one in a million chance (20), and so forth. It's small, it's dirty, it works. Please PM if interested. |
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#38 |
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Critical Thinker
Join Date: May 2003
Posts: 321
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#39 |
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Critical Thinker
Join Date: May 2003
Posts: 321
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#40 |
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Critical Thinker
Join Date: May 2003
Posts: 321
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No one has come forward to apply saying they can get 22% on a 1 in 10 test. What conclusion do you draw, Peter?
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What's wrong with saying "go away, think calmly about what we need to set up for next year then we'll have another go" Sounds like good procedure to me. Why is doing a hasty test for something different to what you set out to test in the first place redolent of good testing procedure? I would have thought quite the opposite. |
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