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#521 |
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Shén Tōu
Join Date: Jul 2004
Location: 台中
Posts: 4,531
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That's not what I'm saying at all, mate. I shall elaborate below.
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I consider morals to be an evolved trait to aid in survival. Therefore, we are only morally obligated to do things which aid in our survival; anything else is added personal baggage. It has been claimed on this thread that we are morally obligated to treat other animals well. I ask, how does that aid in survival, and posit that there are no other animals which treat other species as their own. Therefore, to claim that that is how we must behave must be proven with evidence. Why must we treat animals as we treat other humans? We are only morally obligated to further our survival.
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Die Dulce Fruere "Whereof one cannot speak, Thereof one must be silent." BUILDS YOUR ROOFS OF DEAD WOOD. BUILDS YOUR WALLS OF DEAD STONE. BUILDS YOUR DREAMS OF DEAD THOUGHTS. COMES CRYING LAUGHING SINGING BACK TO LIFE, TAKES WHAT YOU STEAL, AND PULLS THE SKINS FROM YOUR DEAD BONES SHRIEKING. -- Clay tablet in an abandoned Trickster temple. |
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#522 |
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Penultimate Amazing
Join Date: Dec 2002
Location: vuori
Posts: 27,106
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I agree that there are logical reasons to be moral. I disagree that most people bother to suss them out. Luckily, evolution has left us with some (broad) pre-wired guidelines that keep us pretty much in agreement on the major issues, with specific societal pressures doing much smoothing of the remaining wrinkles.
A person's moral code is typically well in place by the time they really have the capacity, the desire, and the time to ponder it. I toyed with this with Dustin a bit earlier. Of course we shouldn't off the homeless guy. Everyone knows that. But, why shouldn't we? A great many more people hold the former to be true than have a well-reasoned answer for the latter. Furthermore, a society's moral norms (and I really meant to be speaking more to societal norms than individual codes) tend to change not because of people heeding the enlightened arguments of their more progressive members, but for the purely selfish reason that the status quo becomes too costly to maintain. After the change has set in, particularly in subsequent generations, the justification for the change can be accepted widely. I think it seldom works the other way around. I can envision a future, a century or two hence, where we do not farm meat, where animals are killed only out of necessity (self-defense, for instance), and where everyone looks back on today wondering how we were ever so depraved as to actually breed animals for slaughter. I imagine the inhabitants of this future will know all the arguments Yahweh has put forth, and will find those arguments to hold up their mores quite well. I believe this future, should it come to pass, will come to pass for such reasons as faux meat becoming indistinguishable from the real thing while also becoming cheaper to produce, pushing people selfishly into its production over more traditional fare. This would lead naturally to faux meat becoming cheaper to the consumer, and we can count on those selfish bastids to do their duty. With time, all these individual selfish actions will add up to real meat vanishing from society. I do not think widespread acceptance of arguments such as Yahweh's will precede the change. I think that will be added on, post hoc. Let it not be said, however, that I think the challenging of society's mores is a completely useless endeavour. Certainly, the existence of such challenges can have localized effect, convincing some of the right people to start working on the changes that will eventually lead to substantial change. I simply think we often overestimate their worth as causative agents of widespread change. They serve more as catalysts. Note: I said I could envision such a future. I am not one for predictions, and am not trying to start a discussion about whether this will actually come to pass. |
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Jesus ... wasn't he the bloke who turned fish into wine and made the lepers multiply? -KateHL Violence is more acceptable than incest. I have been told to keep this in mind. |
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#523 |
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Mormon Atheist
Join Date: Dec 2001
Location: Southern California
Posts: 53,291
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Ego, ain't it a bitch? It is not very unreasonable that the rich should contribute to the public expense, not only in proportion to their revenue, but something more than in that proportion. --Adam Smith |
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#524 |
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Mormon Atheist
Join Date: Dec 2001
Location: Southern California
Posts: 53,291
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I've not a clue as to the significance of this. ?
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I think he was wrong. Certainly the moral standards of much of the world believed that Hitler was wrong. In any event, no, it isn't as simple as Hitler being wrong or not. |
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Ego, ain't it a bitch? It is not very unreasonable that the rich should contribute to the public expense, not only in proportion to their revenue, but something more than in that proportion. --Adam Smith |
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#525 |
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Penultimate Amazing
Join Date: Sep 2001
Location: Portland, Oregon
Posts: 20,969
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I'm still wondering why the argument has been put forth that it's immoral because of suffering, and then when told that we could raise the animals so they don't suffer and die painlessly, that it's still wrong.
Then a rebuttal was because we're shortening the time that the species could be happy, but.. it's ok to make the species extinct. |
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All national institutions of churches, whether Jewish, Christian or Turkish, appear to me no other than human inventions, set up to terrify and enslave mankind, and monopolize power & profit - Thomas Paine |
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#526 |
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Mad Mod Poet God
Join Date: Aug 2002
Location: St. Louis, MO
Posts: 2,726
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By page 14, I think most of the arguments that will be made, have been made. All the questions that will be answered, were answered (and the ones that haven't been answered, won't).
So, on a different tangent: RandFan, I've heard that Ayn Rand posited an 'objective morality' of some kind (or 'rational morality); but, I've never finished any of her works (that's not fair: I've only read one paragraph, and watched "The Fountainhead"; hardly a strong effort by me). Did Rand ever delve into this kind of issue? What was her thoughts on 'objective morality'? (I could wikipedia all this, but I don't trust wikipedia on even basic starting information on some controversial topics) |
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"You can find that book everywhere and the risk is that many people who read it believe that those fairy tales are real. I think I have the responsibility to clear things up to unmask the cheap lies contained in books like that." - Cardinal Tarcisio Bertone |
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#527 |
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Humanistic Cyborg
Join Date: Nov 2005
Location: San Antonio, Texas
Posts: 10,380
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Allow me to make this simplified so you can comprehend:
1) If you raise an animal in inhumane conditions, this is bad. If you torture animals for kicks, this is bad. Therefore, we should reform our meat industries to reflect this. This is a good action, and should be taken; even if we all end up eating meat still. That is because more good than bad is taken by this action. Action has already been taken to this effect, but more work can still be done. 2) I'm willing to take this a step further. Meat is necessary? Then make faux meat, or grow meat in vats without brains. We could very well have the technology, and I fail to see what's intrinsically bad about this. If it's cheap, it's cheap; and we could grow huge vats of this stuff. Why not? I failed to see any argument of yours against this, yet it is an intrinsic part of my argument. Funny that! So why eat meat? Because it's necessary? Then can we take steps to make it not necessary? Then why is it wrong to do so? Is it because it's a luxury item, and we should automatically be guaranteed access to luxury items even if we overconsume? Then why not still provide that luxury item, albeit in a different (and possibly cheaper) form? I don't quite get what's so wrong about my argument here.
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I fail to see the intrinsic hypocrisy here. You seem to think that there is something intrinsically wrong with extinction, yet look down on me for thinking that it's intrinsically better to, say, not kill a cow if you don't actually have to? To you, extinction by not breeding is somehow as bad as, or worse than, killing a creature when you do not have to. Now, in certain cases I might agree, but you seem to believe that this is intrinsic and obvious for all species of animals. I personally don't agree. Can you make an argument as to why your viewpoint is greater than mine? |
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#528 |
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Humanistic Cyborg
Join Date: Nov 2005
Location: San Antonio, Texas
Posts: 10,380
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#529 |
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BOFH
Join Date: Jun 2003
Location: Sheffield
Posts: 8,246
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Well, I think my points got overlooked by YHVH so I'll try again.
I am not convinced that my moral decisions need to be consistent. I used to believe in a utilitarian morality but found life to be too complex for such a crude instrument. Without the need for that consistency much of your current argument founders. Don't by the way assume that you're either "for us or agin us". I was active in anti-bloodsports for many years for example. |
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Aphorism: Subjects most likely to be declared inappropriate for humor are the ones most in need of it. -epepke |
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#530 |
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Graduate Poster
Join Date: Jan 2006
Posts: 1,666
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My take on this whole thing? I find the idea of torturing animals absolutely deplorable. I really don't care if it doesn't benefit my survival in the least. I find the prevention of torture an end in itself.
That said, I'm not a vegetarian. I enjoy eating the meats and really I don't think we have the resources for every single human on the planet to subsist on high protein seaweed or whatever it is you veggies eat. In fact I trained a cow to eat endangered species just to prevent the endangered species from becoming unendangerd, reducing the variety of life to only the nonendangered kind, which isn't diverse by any stretch of the imagination. I'm a nature lover. But seriously, while I find torture out of the question, experimentation and feeding, so long as the death is done with minimal to nonexistant suffering, is acceptable to me. So, if it can feel pain, I want to prevent it, but absolute right to life I reserve for those with hopes and dreams for life that go beyond swim swim hungry. All that said, I'd not want to kill an animal for food at all if we had Star Trek style replicators around. |
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#531 |
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Humanistic Cyborg
Join Date: Nov 2005
Location: San Antonio, Texas
Posts: 10,380
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I'd like a response to this. It sounds like you agree with this claim:
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Let's assume that we stick with scientific testing of animals. We still cut down, on average, the average death of animals that is necessary. Is this a decision that is worse, or better? |
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#532 |
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Guest
Join Date: Feb 2006
Posts: 6,221
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I'm behind you. That's why I tried to back you up (while also arguing the points from both sides) earlier. I asked Dustin what I did partially to gig him for the abuse he heaped on others earlier (I know he never said that he thought animal and human are equal, which is why I phrased my post as I did), but also to make a point. I was waiting for Yahweh to answer the question because s/he posted the original issue of human=animal morally. For what it's worth, though I eat meat, I am on the "animal rights" side. I have problems with my own meat consumption and think, as I said earlier, that the best thing we could do is not argue about it but act to eliminate the need for animal sacrifice to feed our bellies (as we both seem to agree that killing animals is soon to be a thing of the past). The animal farming techniques we use are abhorrent, and I certainly do not like the fact that I am a participant in any of that activity as a consumer. We can all be angry at Ward Churchill for what he said, but there is a truth to it. The big problem is that "truth" is everywhere. It's in every cup of Starbucks or Harry Potter book in which the money did not go toward ending human suffering. Everything we do is part of a much larger system that unfortunately is based, in large part, on exploitation of someone either human or animal. If one wants to extend moral principles to their extreme one must ask oneself how far should they go in a positive direction, how far do my obligations to my neighbor extend?
I'm afraid, in my cynicism, that I agree with the Marquis -- morality is, if not completely, then largely post hoc rationalization. But, even so, it does provide us* with some guide. *Even though there is no us. |
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#533 |
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Humanistic Cyborg
Join Date: Nov 2005
Location: San Antonio, Texas
Posts: 10,380
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Understandable. I probably shoulda ganged up on Dustin, too. For similar reasons.
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Though, to be also fair, a lot of the meat-eating arguments are just as silly as the evil stupid vegetarians that people like Thaiboxerken rant about. For instance, Henry David Thoreau once had a discussion on vegetarianism with a farmer. The farmer stated that we need to eat animals, as they give us strong bones. You can't have strong bones without meat. Of course, this is ignorant: Without milk, maybe, but even soymilk (which is also a recent invention), of which I drink a lot of (the chocolate kind; it's mm-mm good!) grants stuff like calcium. Thoreau commented that the man was frail and relying on an ox (with vegetable-fed bones) to pull his cart. He found this an amusing "wisdom of the ancients". His entire argument was that, quite frankly, just because someone's old, doesn't make him wise or his advice good. But I found it an amusing side story. And, even to today, I see some similar silly arguments. People aren't called out on them, though. People argue that we're animals, therefore if we instinctually feel something, we should obey it without question. People argue that we should stuff animals in vats, keep them in deplorable conditions, and if it makes them taste good, then so be it. These people are here, on this forum, and are they being called out on their statements? Maybe, I guess. By some people. But it's always the vegetarians that really get ganged up on. And I can sorta see why. People that eat meat feel like they're being made to feel guilty, that they're being judged. Well, that's fine. But knee-jerk reactions don't get anything anywhere. Personally, I'm not really judging anyone, except for those that simply say, "I don't care, we should do what we will, period." But I still think that, if you're going to make moral arguments on most topics that you find a moral dilemma, then you shouldn't judge others on making moral arguments about animals. It's as if animals are on a completely different pedestal of morality, just like religion is a completely different pedestal of critical thinking, you know? |
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#534 |
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Guest
Join Date: Feb 2006
Posts: 6,221
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I not only agree with you, but my admiration for you grew significantly when you decided to hold back so as not to step on others' toes. That, to me, speaks volumes and is the way, I think, to change others' minds. Bludgeoning opponents to a bloody pulp my be fun for diversion, but it isn't the human way to discuss. There are some people here for whom I have great admiration. You are one of them.
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#535 |
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Penultimate Amazing
Join Date: Dec 2002
Location: vuori
Posts: 27,106
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For what it's worth, I don't completely disagree with you. The hypothetical future I spoke of earlier, though not something I am either pushing or pulling for, is not something I dread or would hate to see happen. It's not that I think we should not pursue a meatless future; I just do not hold that we are obligated, in any way, to do so.
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Jesus ... wasn't he the bloke who turned fish into wine and made the lepers multiply? -KateHL Violence is more acceptable than incest. I have been told to keep this in mind. |
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#536 |
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Humanistic Cyborg
Join Date: Nov 2005
Location: San Antonio, Texas
Posts: 10,380
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#537 |
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BOFH
Join Date: Jun 2003
Location: Sheffield
Posts: 8,246
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I agree with a lot of what you say and there's much I don't disagree so much as quibble. My own views are rather complex and admittedly inconsistent*. And you differentiate nicely between what you feel is right and what you argue is right.
*Consistency is the hobgoblin of small minds. I am fat, I have eaten multitudes. |
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Aphorism: Subjects most likely to be declared inappropriate for humor are the ones most in need of it. -epepke |
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#538 |
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Mormon Atheist
Join Date: Dec 2001
Location: Southern California
Posts: 53,291
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Let me say that I'm not an objectivist not nor am I an expert on Rand. In any event, my understanding is that Ayn believed that you could apply objective reasoning to given moral dilemmas or scenarios. I could be wrong though and she could have believed as you have said I'm just not familiar with it. If she did I would not simply accept her position. Ayn wasn't rigorous in her philosophy and so I'm less inclined to defend her argument.
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Ego, ain't it a bitch? It is not very unreasonable that the rich should contribute to the public expense, not only in proportion to their revenue, but something more than in that proportion. --Adam Smith |
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#539 |
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Penultimate Amazing
Join Date: Sep 2001
Location: Portland, Oregon
Posts: 20,969
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Ok. That's not really a bad position.
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You've said animal suffering is a reason. Then you've admitted it's not. You've said lasting animal happiness. Then you've decided extinction is ok. |
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All national institutions of churches, whether Jewish, Christian or Turkish, appear to me no other than human inventions, set up to terrify and enslave mankind, and monopolize power & profit - Thomas Paine |
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#540 |
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Humanistic Cyborg
Join Date: Nov 2005
Location: San Antonio, Texas
Posts: 10,380
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Alright, so we agree up to a certain point, then.
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This is the premise I am working on: Let's say that you come to a path. One takes two miles to go across, AND when you do so, a bunch of animals will drop dead. Another path takes one mile to go across, and you gain a lot more, but no animals end up dead. In my opinion, it's sadistic (even if no pain is involved!) to take the first path. That's the premise I am working off of. In the past, we went down the path that animals would end up dead because, quite frankly, it was necessary to our survival. It is no longer necessary for our survival, and in fact may be even MORE economically supportable to go down the one-mile path. Do you agree with my base premise? That, if given a choice between two paths, one which is easier to go down and has much more benefit, the other that leads to animals dying AND is a longer path that isn't fruitful, that it is innately sadistic to travel down the latter path?
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I also accept some reasons as valid: When it comes to humans, for instance, KILLING a human, even painlessly, is intrinsically a bad thing if it can be avoided. Society acts in this way, and assumes that this premise is true. For animals, if you can find a good home instead of killing them, EVEN IF the killing is painless, then it is intrinsically bad. If you disagree with these premises, then it is you that goes against society's view, and me that stays consistent with it. People that work for animal control centers often find themselves growing depressed when forced to kill an animal that they couldn't find a good home for. I'm assuming that the majority of the population would agree with the person that works at the animal control center. Even if the killing is painless, our empathy is strong enough to care about the animal, and we find the death of it to be intrinsically bad. So why does my viewpoint not conform to society's?
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I say that, intrinsically, if you do not require this system, then there is a reason to change it.
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Why do you find this objectionable? You get what you desire. You aren't losing out on anything here.
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Unnecessary animal suffering is something that we should limit. If we have a system where we can slaughter animals painlessly, then it is intrinsically better to go through with that system instead of one where animals are slaughtered painfully. I have accepted this premise as true. I would like for you to point out where I specifically stated that this premise was false, because that's the only way that I would desire for suffering to be allowable. In the same token, unnecessary death is also something that should be avoided if it is feasable. If it's necessary for animals to die to support human life, and only insofar as it's necessary for animals to die, then I support it. But I do not think that, with modern technology, it is necessary. I also contend that, as long it is necessary for animals to die to support human life, then I am still for them dying (even if this includes, say, medicinal testing!) So, I am for medicinal testing, as long as there is a benefit to it. BUT, if we limit, say, animals providing meat, and do not limit animals providing medicinal research (and strike down, say, cosmetic testing!), we would limit the overall amount of death. Personally, I view this as a good thing. And the capability to create pseudo meat is to satisfy people like you that want their meat. To me, it's a win-win. You get what you want, I get what I want, and in the end it's (ideally) economically beneficial and supportful. In the end, my proposed system of action, ideally, does not harm society and even benefits it.
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See, this is what I'm operating from: Two animals give birth to a calf, which will be raised in deplorable conditions, OR be raised to be slaughtered. Alternatively, two animals don't give birth to a calf. In the latter, there is less death and suffering. In the latter... where exactly is the problem? |
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#541 |
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Penultimate Amazing
Join Date: Sep 2001
Location: Portland, Oregon
Posts: 20,969
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The problem is that you act as if you care for animal life, yet you don't mind if they become extinct.
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All national institutions of churches, whether Jewish, Christian or Turkish, appear to me no other than human inventions, set up to terrify and enslave mankind, and monopolize power & profit - Thomas Paine |
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#542 |
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Humanistic Cyborg
Join Date: Nov 2005
Location: San Antonio, Texas
Posts: 10,380
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#543 |
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Penultimate Amazing
Join Date: Sep 2001
Location: Portland, Oregon
Posts: 20,969
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It's just inconsistent, that's all. You can believe it's consistent and state it's consistent in as many words as you have, but your argument still remains illogical.
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All national institutions of churches, whether Jewish, Christian or Turkish, appear to me no other than human inventions, set up to terrify and enslave mankind, and monopolize power & profit - Thomas Paine |
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#544 |
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Humanistic Cyborg
Join Date: Nov 2005
Location: San Antonio, Texas
Posts: 10,380
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#545 |
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deus ex machina
Join Date: Aug 2005
Posts: 4,974
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Indeed.
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#546 |
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Humanistic Cyborg
Join Date: Nov 2005
Location: San Antonio, Texas
Posts: 10,380
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Originally Posted by Taffer
Humans would sometimes do such things, especially in things such as inheritance, or slavery (I.E., enslaving the children of your enemies that you conquer). We would also, sometimes, when conquered another nation, wipe out every man, woman, and child in that nation to prevent cases of revenge and differentiation. We now consider such things immoral. |
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#547 |
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Usus magister est optimus
Join Date: Nov 2004
Location: Al Jumahiriyah al Arabiyah al Libiyah ash Shabiyah al Ishtirakiyah al Uzma
Posts: 4,673
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You were arguing that if I had lived in some other society I would act differently. I disagreed. I don't allow society to mold me into who I am.
You can't say that "Hitler was wrong" and then also contend that morality is relative and not absolute. You can argue "I think he was wrong" but that's like arguing "I think blue is pretty". It's meaningless if morality is relative. You think he was wrong? Why? Because he killed people? Why is that wrong? Because they suffer? So what. Suffering is bad. How? Sure it is. Either he was or he wasn't. I say he was. I contend that anyone who says he was not is absolutely wrong. That there is nothing relative about what he did. |
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#548 |
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Penultimate Amazing
Join Date: Sep 2001
Location: Portland, Oregon
Posts: 20,969
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All national institutions of churches, whether Jewish, Christian or Turkish, appear to me no other than human inventions, set up to terrify and enslave mankind, and monopolize power & profit - Thomas Paine |
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#549 |
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Usus magister est optimus
Join Date: Nov 2004
Location: Al Jumahiriyah al Arabiyah al Libiyah ash Shabiyah al Ishtirakiyah al Uzma
Posts: 4,673
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#550 |
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Penultimate Amazing
Join Date: Sep 2001
Location: Portland, Oregon
Posts: 20,969
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No, lonewulf didn't refute anything, but certainly tried.
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All national institutions of churches, whether Jewish, Christian or Turkish, appear to me no other than human inventions, set up to terrify and enslave mankind, and monopolize power & profit - Thomas Paine |
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#551 |
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Humanistic Cyborg
Join Date: Nov 2005
Location: San Antonio, Texas
Posts: 10,380
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#552 |
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Penultimate Amazing
Join Date: Sep 2001
Location: Portland, Oregon
Posts: 20,969
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Once you understand that I'm infallible, things will become much easier for you to accept.
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All national institutions of churches, whether Jewish, Christian or Turkish, appear to me no other than human inventions, set up to terrify and enslave mankind, and monopolize power & profit - Thomas Paine |
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#553 |
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Humanistic Cyborg
Join Date: Nov 2005
Location: San Antonio, Texas
Posts: 10,380
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#554 |
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Philosopher
Join Date: Feb 2007
Posts: 8,753
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Shortening the food chain by growing meat substitute in vats is not necessary unless your goal is to significantly increase the human population on this planet.
Is your thought perhaps that you want to claim the moral high ground when the Kanamits arrive and take over the top of the food chain. |
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#555 |
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Humanistic Cyborg
Join Date: Nov 2005
Location: San Antonio, Texas
Posts: 10,380
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So then, we shouldn't pursue such actions? Why not?
Please give an actual reason, something concrete. What is wrong with my proposal? Do you have a specific objection? Also, increasing the human population? So population size is entirely dependant on how much food is available? Do you have any evidence for this claim? I thought that the size of families was dependant on, y'know, social customs and how much parents bang each other with unprotected sex. I might be wrong, though. |
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#556 |
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Philosopher
Join Date: Feb 2007
Posts: 8,753
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I don't believe that an increased population is the best path for long term survival.
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#557 |
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Humanistic Cyborg
Join Date: Nov 2005
Location: San Antonio, Texas
Posts: 10,380
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And you say this without any evidence that population size is entirely dependant on food availability.
We have far more food availability today than we've ever had in the past. Yet, guess what? Industrial cities have a far lower birth rate, almost exceeding the death rate, than non-industrial societies. ****, you want food, where do you go? To the goddamn HEB. To the local supermarket. To a convenience store. Food surrounds all of us, and are you going to tell me that it's severely limiting our population size? Bullcrap. |
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#558 |
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Penultimate Amazing
Join Date: Dec 2002
Location: vuori
Posts: 27,106
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Not to mention, workers at the meat plants can be counted on to contribute to population control by falling into the vats.
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Jesus ... wasn't he the bloke who turned fish into wine and made the lepers multiply? -KateHL Violence is more acceptable than incest. I have been told to keep this in mind. |
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#559 |
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Humanistic Cyborg
Join Date: Nov 2005
Location: San Antonio, Texas
Posts: 10,380
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Writing.com Account |
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#560 |
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Mormon Atheist
Join Date: Dec 2001
Location: Southern California
Posts: 53,291
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To late, it already has.
Let's put my propostion to the test. Do your values look more like the values of modern society or the time of hunters and gatherers? Do your values look more like the values of modern society or the stone age? Do your values look more like the values of modern society or the bronze age? Sorry, Dustin, it is very difficult to escape your environment.
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I DIDN'T say that "Hitler was wrong" AND then contend that morality is relative. I did not do that. So telling me that I can't do it is a silly excercise. Actually I said I THINK Hitler was wrong.
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1.) I think vanila tastes better than chocolate. 2.) I think Rock and roll is better than Country music. 3.) I think Hitle was wrong. All thre are relative.
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I really don't know how to respond. It's MY OPINION! It has meaning ONLY BECAUSE it is relative.
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Why is it ok for you to ask questions expecting an answer but not vice versa? And don't give me the BS that you've answered them. 1.) I think Hitler was wrong to kill innocent civilians because A.) I was raised to believe killing was wrong. B.) I have the capacity for empathy. C.) Having been raised in the time that I was raised in I have the luxury to consider other people's feelings more than if I was raised in another time. 3.) I don't like other people to suffer because A.) I was raised to believe suffering is wrong. B.) I have the capacity for empathy. C.) Having been raised in the time that I was raised in I have the luxury to consider other people's feelings and my sense of empathy is more developed than had I been raised in another time. 4.) Suffering is bad to me because I don't like it. In other words, my moral values are a result of my genetic predisposition and environment. This is the scientific consensus BTW.
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2.) There is no reason to come to this conclusion. 3.) In other times people did not share your opinion. 4.) Why are you right and they were wrong? |
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Ego, ain't it a bitch? It is not very unreasonable that the rich should contribute to the public expense, not only in proportion to their revenue, but something more than in that proportion. --Adam Smith |
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